2. The Cold War 1.The Cold War was a war of ideology: Communism versus Democracy, East Versus West. 2.Some say the Cold War began at Yalta because of undue concessions made to the Soviet Union.

3. The Cold War 3.Roosevelt and Churchill was accused of delivering Eastern Europe to Communist domination, by giving into Stalin’s demands. Why would we follow the policy of _______________?

4. The Cold War 4.France and Britain couldn’t help with the Soviets because they were economically drained. 5.The U.S. and the U.S.S.R. were left the only two superpowers. 6.The Soviet Union was in a strong position because they could have defeated Germany without Allied help.

5. Russia’s Fears 7.Russia had been invaded by the French under Napoleon, Germany in WWI, and Germany in WWII at an enormous cost of human life, money, and infrastructure. 8.The Communists didn’t trust the West because the Americans and the British sent troops to battle the Bolsheviks during the Russian Rev.

6. The Cold War 9.The Soviets wanted a buffer around them where they could place armies to defend against future invasion. 10.The Soviet Union had not been consulted before the West placed democratic governments into countries they liberated. Stalin wanted communism for countries the Red Army liberated.

7. The Cold War 11.The Red Army was very strong, and by 1946 Stalin had installed pro-Soviet governments throughout Eastern Europe. 12.Fear of Communism grew, as did secrecy inside the U.S.S.R.. Churchill called the Soviet Bloc the “Iron Curtain” that became symbol of the Cold War.

8. The Cold War 13.Europe was divided into the Eastern Bloc, led by the Soviets(communism), and the Western Bloc, led by the United States.(democracy)

10. The Cold War 14.Nuclear Proliferation was a large part of the Cold War on both sides. Once the Soviets acquired the Bomb, the Arms Race was on. It was described as: Peace Through Superior Fire Power Mutually Assured Destruction A Balance of Terror.

11. 15.The war of ideology was on. President Truman outlined a new foreign policy where the United States should support free people, for they look to the U.S. for support. 16.The U.S. outspent the Soviets in the Cold War by nearly 50%!

12. 17.Truman sent money and military advisors to countries all over the world to “Contain” communism to those countries already under Soviet influence. He said the U.S. should no longer be isolationist.

13. The Cold War 18.The Marshall plan was instituted to rebuild devastated countries and support those countries with democratic governments by giving billions in aid.

14. The Cold War 19.Germany was divided into East and West. While the West Germans were democratic, East Germany was dominated by the Soviets. 20.Their official name was the “German Democratic Republic.” Really?

15. 21.Stalin, tried to drive the Allies out of Berlin by sealing off the railroads and highways into western sectors. When that didn’t work, he erected a wall, the Berlin Wall. This prevented people from escaping to the West. The West responded with the Berlin Airlift, and continually supplied West Berlin with fuel and food. The West won, but hostility deepened.

16. 22.NATO was established under the North Atlantic Treaty (Apr. 4, 1949) by Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Great Britain, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, and the United States. Greece and Turkey entered the alliance in 1952, West Germany (now Germany) entered in 1955, and Spain joined in 1982.

17. 23.In 1999 the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland joined, and Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia, and Slovenia joined in 2004, making 26 member countries. NATO is an alliance that brought together free and sovereign countries in order to create a collective security system against Communism: U.S.S.R.

18. The Cold War 24.Warsaw Pact members were the Soviet Union, Albania, Bulgaria, Romania, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Czechoslovakia. 25.Even though Yugoslavia was communist, they didn’t join the Pact, that was a defense agreement.

19. The Cold War Ends 26.President George Bush and Russian Republic leader Boris Yeltsin announced in 1991 a formal end to the Cold War when they met at Camp David.