Exploration to Early Statehood Social Studies Unit 2 Exploration to Early Statehood

What Are We Going to Learn? Why did Europeans come to North America? How was New Jersey colony divided and settled? Why did the colonies want independence from Britain? Why and how was the new Constitution written? How did new forms of transportation change New Jersey?

Lesson 3 Vocabulary boycott- congress- To refuse to buy a product A formal meeting of representatives

Lesson 3 Vocabulary constitution- debt- A plan of government Something owed to someone else, often money

Lesson 3 Vocabulary Loyalist- militia- A colonist who remained loyal to the British King. militia- A volunteer army

Lesson 3 Vocabulary Parliament- Patriot- The lawmaking body of the British government. Patriot- A colonist who wanted independence from Britain

Lesson 3 Vocabulary representative- revolution- The act of speaking or acting for one person or for a group of people revolution- A sudden complete change of government

Lesson 3-The American Revolution Why did the colonies want independence from Britain?

The British Colonies Spain, France, and Britain (England) claimed land in North America. Over time this created conflicts and wars began. After nine years of fighting, Britain gained Canada and all the land east of the Mississipi River

The British Colonies Effects of French and Indian War- Parliament believed the colonists should help pay for the war by taxing them 1764- tax on sugar and other goods coming into the colonies 1765- Stamp Act- colonists had to pay a tax on paper goods. Tea Tax Colonists were angry because they had no representation in Parliament (someone speaking up for them) and they wanted the same rights as British citizens.

Question Time! Why did the British tax the colonists? The British taxed the colonists to help pay for the French and Indian War.

Tension Grows Many people tried to reason with Parliament and wrote them letters and published their opinions of the unfairness in newspapers. Response to Taxes: Benjamin Franklin went to speak to Parliament and warn them that the colonists would fight to keep their freedom; Parliament didn’t listen. Sons of Liberty- formed in Massachusetts. Encouraged other colonists to boycott British goods.

Tension Grows cont. People walked down streets to voice their opinion of the unfairness. Boston Massacre- 1770-British soldiers fired on a group of angry colonists. Five people were killed. 1773- Boston Tea Party- group of colonists dumped a load of British tea into Boston Harbor.

Continental Congress After Boston Tea Party- Britain closed the Harbor and took freedoms away from the colonists. Philadelphia 1774- leaders of the colonies met and formed the First Continental Congress. First Continental Congress asked all 13 colonies to boycott British goods. Also sent a letter to the kind explaining why they were angry.

The Revolution Begins 1775- British troops marched into the Massachusetts countryside. Battle at Lexington- first battle in the American Revolution May- Second Continental Congress: created a Continental Army and made George Washington the leader of the army. July 4, 1776- Second C.C. approved the Declaration of Independence. This document listed the colonists’ rights as citizens and their reasons for wanting freedom from Britain.

Brain Pop It’s Brain Pop Time!

The War in New Jersey How was New Jersey affected by the American Revolution? Previous conflicts with Britain: Lenape and settlers land dispute Debts- Britain limited the amount of paper money that could print, people were desperate and wanted to take action against the British. New Jersey Statehood: Colonists were divided at first- loyalists and patriots 1776- British government was replaced by William Livingston Adopted a new constitution (plan of government) Declared N.J.’s independence Was no longer a British colony but an independent state

The War in New Jersey How was New Jersey affected by the American Revolution? Battles in New Jersey: Three months after the British attacked New York, they invaded New Jersey. For 7 years, New Jersey was a main battleground of the American Revolution. Three Major Battles fought in New Jersey Battle at Trenton Battle at Princeton **These two gave people hope that we could win the war Battle at Monmouth Court House *MAP page 75 in textbook American and British troops marched across many homes. They raided farms for food and supplies, causing both Loyalists and Patriots to suffer greatly.

Question Time! What gave Americans hope that they could win the war? The British defeats (victories) at Trenton and Princeton gave Americans hope that they could win the war.

The War Ends August 1781- Washington marched his army across New Jersey to join the French at Yorktown. October 19, 1781 British troops surrendered at Yorktown, Virginia. That was the last major battle of the American Revolution. American Revolution officially ended September 1783 with the signing of the Treaty of Paris. Treat of Paris: Recognizes the United States of America as an independent nation.

Question Time! What officially ended the American Revolution? The Treat of Paris ended the American Revolution.

Vocabulary Review Boycott Militia Congress Parliament Constitution Patriot Debt Representative Loyalist revolution

Lesson Review

Important People & Brain Pop George Washington Benjamin Franklin William Livingston Thomas Jefferson It’s Brain Pop Time!