Chapter 7: Changes for the Jewish people Lesson 1 : Defeat and New Beginnings

Vocabulary Exile – forced to leave their homeland Synagogue – Jewish community center Rabbi – teachers who led the synagogues Diaspora – scattering of Jews outside their homeland Canonize – made an official part of Theocracy – a state ruled by religious law

Objectives Describe the location of Jewish people in lands outside Canaan Discuss the treatment of the Jewish people by the Babylonians and the Persians Explain how Judaism developed despite the scattering of Jews to other lands

What to Know How did Jerusalem change under Babylonian and Persian rule?

The Babylonian Captivity The Babylonians conquered Judah in 597 BC. The Judaeans rebelled but were conquered again in 586 BC by the Babylonians Judaeans were exiled to Babylon How did the Babylonians keep control of Judah?

Reading Check How did the Babylonians keep control of Judah? By forcing the king and other citizens to move to Babylon

Judaism Changes The experience of exile changed Judaism Jeremiah introduced new ideas to the Judaeans, who began to worship in community centers: synagogues Rabbis led the synagogues What new ideas did Jeremiah bring to the exiled people from Judah?

Reading Check What new ideas did Jeremiah bring to the exiled people from Judah? He told them that God could be worshipped not just in the Temple but everywhere and that they would one day return to Judah.

The Jewish Diaspora After the Persian Empire defeated the Babylonians, some Jews returned to Canaan and rebuilt the Temple Others began settling throughout the world as part of the Diaspora How did the Babylonian Exile affect the Jewish people?

Reading Check How did the Babylonian Exile affect the Jewish people? It caused Jews to settle all over the world

Ezra and Torah About 450 BC a Jewish scribe named Ezra restored Judaism in Jerusalem He gave public readings of the Torah and wrote its laws onto a scroll How did Ezra help restore Judaism in Jerusalem?

Reading Check How did Ezra help restore Judaism in Jerusalem? He led Jews back to Jerusalem and gave public readings from the Torah.

Lesson 1 Review Why did the Babylonians destroy Jerusalem and the Temple? How did new ideas and events lead to changes in worship for the exiled? Why did Cyrus allow the Jews to reclaim Canaan and rebuild the Temple? How did Jerusalem change under Babylonian and Persian rule?

Lesson 1 Review Answers Why did the Babylonians destroy Jerusalem and the Temple? The Babylonians were angered by a rebellion led by a Judaean king whom they had appointed How did new ideas and events lead to changes in worship for the exiled? They no longer had a temple so they worshipped in community centers; instead of priests, teachers called rabbis led the synagogues Why did Cyrus allow the Jews to reclaim Canaan and rebuild the Temple? Cyrus believed that the Jews should be allowed to worship as they wished, as long as they accepted his rule. How did Jerusalem change under Babylonian and Persian rule? Under Babylonian rule, the Jewish people began to practice their religion outside of the Temple. Under the Persians, they rebuilt the Temple and adopted the Torah as Jewish law

Lesson 1 Summary In 586 BC the Babylonians destroyed Jerusalem and the Temple. They sent many Jew into exile in Babylon. The Jewish people kept their faith by changing the practices of Judaism. When the Persian Empire conquered Babylon, King Cyrus allowed Jews to return to Canaan and to rebuild the Temple. Many Jews, however, remained outside Canaan, forming the Jewish Diaspora.