Closing the Recycling Loop in University Halls of Residence Victoria Hands Environmental & Sustainability Coordinator, London School of Economics London’s University Halls of Residence Recycling Project Founder

Outline Background Why halls of residence Reuse - end of term schemes Recycling – win win win scenarios Purchasing Reuse to reduce purchasing Buy recycled to close the loop

Benefits for Halls of Residence Potential waste management cost savings Response to increased student demand for recycling facilities Empowering residents to be aware Reducing end of term waste peak Providing low or no cost items

Benefits for Universities Competitive advantage for attracting students and staff Contributing to high environmental standards Demonstrating social responsibility Backing up academic expertise with everyday practice

Benefits for Local Authorities Meeting government recycling targets Extending recycling provision Creating a healthier environment

Why Halls of Residence? High density Waste audit - 50-70% recyclable Life change Contractual obligations Established communications Backing up teaching Habitual behaviour Vocal active students Role out across campus!!

The Waste Hierarchy REDUCE Halls can reuse & buy recycled content REUSE Halls save on waste disposal & purchasing and extend service provision RECYCLE Halls can access free or low cost recycling LAST OPTION LANDFILL

A Practical Approach Identification of stakeholders Background research Initial contact Interviews / questionnaires / reports Partnership building & dialogue Contact sheet & monitoring

Key Stakeholders Local Authorities (recycling officers) Waste management division Universities (environmental manager) Academic Operational Students union Halls of Residence (management) Cleaners Students

Project Origins Experiences from: Students Cleaning staff (including contractors) Hall management Universities Local Authorities Reuse charities

The Waste Paper, issue 68 October 2000

Reuse Schemes Reuse Implementation Plan Notices Collection points (RIP Waste) Notices Collection points Sorting and volunteers Types of donations Liaison with charities Hostels, reuse, London Remade Cleaning up

Reuse Donations 1 box of cutlery, 1 box of utensils 3 boxes of plates, 4 boxes of pans 40 black bin bags of men’s clothing 10 toasters, 11 kettles 2 computers, 8 screens 30 drying racks, 40 dish drainers 8 computer chairs

Reuse Scheme 2005 10 halls of residence – 3,748 students Estimated reuse participated rate: 10% - 300 students 6 tonnes diverted from landfill – 20 kg per student (textiles, IT equipment, furniture)

Estimated 65 participants Textiles 2005: 650kgs from 650 students Estimated 65 participants = 10 kg of textiles per student

Recycling Waste audit 20% paper/card 18% compostable 14% glass 13% plastic 4% cans Start of term most effective

Design Challenges Micro kitchens and source separation Same as other urban MODs Small on floorspace Could look good/trendy/cool Reuse is real use!! Standard source separation does not respond to the reality of micro living

Design Challenges Design of new halls of residence and greening the campus Sustainable living Energy, water, waste Responsibility and empowerment Refurbishment of older halls of residence Often without lifts

Action Plan Recycle Facilities and collections (external & internal) 2. Reuse End of term schemes and collaborations 3. Raise Awareness Communication materials (kitchen posters, student tips leaflet) Events with users (freshers fayres) and staff training 4. Reduce Green procurement Influence student purchasing power

Findings Issues Findings Responsibility Responsibility to take out recycling materials given to students. Results in full learning experience and responsible actions. Cleaners and all hall staff have a new learning experience to take into their non-working lives. Ease Recycling is not difficult if good infrastructure and effective awareness raising is provided. In fact, waste is easier to manage. The benefits of segregated waste include reduced odour. Costs Low or no cost because of recycling targets set for local authorities by Europe Kitchen space Most kitchens do have space for recycling containers. There are many designs of bins. New builds must design in recycling provision. External space In many central London halls space is limited to the pavement (also used by public-difficult to assess). Wheelie bins may be an option here. Champions High rotation of students and local authority staff but continuity can be found through wardens, managers and local councillors.

Closing the Loop Reuse - end of term schemes Recycling – win win win scenarios Purchasing Reuse to reduce purchasing Buy recycled to close the loop National support??

Victoria Hands v.e.hands@lse.ac.uk London’s University Halls of Residence Recycling Project www.crispej.org.uk/hallsrecycling Victoria Hands v.e.hands@lse.ac.uk

Closing the loop by procuring higher recycled content in paper and construction EAUC Annual Conference - 11 April 2006 Jim Wiltshire - Procurement Project Manager Kara Jones – WRAP Paper Advocate

Outline About WRAP Materials resource efficiency - why recycled Using procurement The opportunities in paper The opportunities in construction WRAP assistance

WRAP exists to Create stable and efficient markets for recycled materials and products, and Remove barriers to waste minimisation re-use and recycling WRAP (the Waste and Resources Action Programme) was set up in 2001 by Government to help deliver UK waste policy and meet targets set by the European Landfill Directive. WRAP is a not-for-profit company limited by Government guarantee, and wholly funded by Defra and the devolved administrations of Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. WRAP's original remit was to create markets for the materials that can be recovered from the domestic, commercial, industrial and construction waste streams - around 200 million tonnes of waste per annum - which will help to make recycling more economic. WRAP is also tasked with removing information, financial and technical barriers to waste minimisation and recycling. For example, WRAP works with the major retailers to reduce packaging waste; it supports local authorities in increasing kerbside collection and home composting; and it targets householders (e.g. through advertising campaigns) to increase awareness of recycling. The construction sector is a major focus of our work, because of the sheer potential to divert tonnage from landfill and make more efficient use of materials. The paper sector is also a key focus………………..? So how does procurement link to sustainability? Quite simply, it is a powerful lever to get suppliers to offer and develop more sustainable solutions. And the public sector has the legal right to use its buying power - to ask suppliers to meet requirements that are in line with policy objectives for sustainability and recycling. The UK Framework for Sustainable Development 2005 sets the goal for the UK to be a leader in sustainable procurement by 2009. To show leadership, we need to set quantitative requirements and measure performance. The Government has set up a Task Force on Sustainable Procurement under Sir Neville Simms, the former chairman of Carillion. At Carillion, he had a reputation for saying: “If you don’t measure it, it doesn’t happen”. Same principle applies to local authorities seeking to demonstrate leadership in their community. So the focus for today is: what should local authorities be specifying and we will focus particularly on the opportunities in construction and paper.

Closing the loop – why specifying recycled is so important Business investment and development Specifying recycled in procurement of goods, works and services Product development Waste segregation, home composting etc. Reducing waste and diverting materials from landfill requires a sequence of steps (waste awareness…..). Specifying recycled in procurement creates economic value for the recovered materials, and therefore reduces the cost of waste management. CREATING ECONOMIC VALUE FOR RECOVERED MATERIALS Waste awareness and minimisation

Materials resource efficiency The latest measure have been included in the Clean Neighbourhoods and Environment Act. The Act includes measures to tackle a whole range of local environmental quality issues, and there is a large section on waste and fly tipping. The aim of the measures we included was to [read slide]

Materials resource efficiency cycle Materials efficiency Reduce raw material use Reduce waste Materials with recycled content Reduce landfill Save resources This diagram depicts the 2 main aspects of materials efficiency: - reducing the use of finite natural resources - reducing the amount of waste Recycling both reduces waste volumes going to landfill and, provided the sector uses products/ materials with recycled content, substitutes for virgin materials. According to WWF, we need a two-thirds’ reduction in consumption of fossil fuels and virgin materials to achieve a sustainable and globally equitable level of resource use – termed One Planet Living. Recycling A two thirds reduction in consumption of fossil fuels and virgin materials is needed to achieve a sustainable and globally equitable level WWF – “One planet living study” - 2004

What are we talking about? Reclaimed materials Waste minimisation, segregation & recycling Recycled Content Materials Resource Efficiency Renewables

Procurement policy drivers Scottish Executive Policy Commitment 2003 2004 2005 2006 OGC-AE11 SBTG Govt. Sustainable Procurement Group ODPM-PPS1 Code for Sustainable Homes Landfill Tax (1996) Increasing thrust of sustainability policy Policy Proposal Buying into Sustainable Procurement (WPI) SO WHAT DRIVERS ARE THERE SPECIFIC TO THE PUBLIC SECTOR IN WALES? Buying into Sustainable Development Launched Dec 2004 Now Value Wales (Procurement) Support to all public sector bodies in Wales Wise about Waste – National waste strategy for Wales (2002)

Where do we start ? - major applications to consider Construction Estates management Printed matter Tissue – catering and hygiene SO, WE HAVE ESTABLISHED THAT THERE IS A CLEAR DRIVE FOR SUSTAINABLE PROCUREMENT AND SET OUT THE CASE THAT SPECIFYING RECYCLED IS TANGIBLE AND MEASURABLE Where do you start – here are 4 focus areas

Key point of intervention Using procurement Identifying need Requirement specification Supplier selection Tender evaluation Contract management Key point of intervention European Commission handbook on environmental public procurement: “As a contracting authority, you have the right…to demand a minimum percentage of recycled and reused content where possible”. Setting such requirements is practical. Key point of intervention is the design brief or tender specification. This is emphasised in guidance issued by Defra/OGC and the Scottish Procurement Directorate on the public procurement rules. For further confirmation, the EC handbook….. The OGC Achieving Excellence in Construction Procurement Guide 11 on Sustainability (2005) states that: “The (project) brief should include an outcome-based requirement for overall materials efficiency, such as a minimum requirement for recycled content in the project”. OGC AE11: “The (project) brief should include an outcome-based requirement for overall materials efficiency, such as a minimum requirement for recycled content in the project .”

Kara.Jones@wrap.org.uk 11th Apr-06 Recycled content office & publication papers for your organisation Why? Introduce self – XXX from WRAP Time of presentation Intro WRAP Funding When set up and why Types of problem to be solved – green glass Paper advocacy team & objectives No commercial gain Introduce self Role – to encourage Businesses, Local Authorities and Central Government to purchase recycled content paper Own experience / background

To cover: Paper waste context Why?......... environmental Why?......... CSR / marketing Why?......... quality and cost Product range How the Advocate Team can help

Paper waste in context UK > 100,000,000T commercial, industrial & municipal waste per year. UK consumes approx 12,800,000T paper & board We recycle approx 7,000,000Tpa of paper & board But…….. More than 5,000,000Tpa still goes into landfill Landfill over 1,500,000T of paper from offices per year Less than 4% of office / marketing / business papers have any recycled content Albert Hall & Windermere example

Landfill / incinerate or recycle ? Landfill sites are filling up Landfilled paper produces methane and leakage contributes to global warming Waste incineration not optimum and a long planning cycle Landfill or incineration is a waste of a valuable resource Most LCA’s show recycling is best We can recycle - economically Now a legal requirement to reduce landfill Low in EU for recycling BUT fastest growing! National Audit Office Wales report findings “On current trends and assuming a best case scenario, existing landfill capacity will be exhausted before 2010. The problem is critical in South West Wales where there is only 5.3 million cubic metres of space left in current facilities” Anaerobic degradation (absence of oxygen) Check audience for agreement. Ask for questions?? = Recycle

Your customers are aware.. National and EU push to increased recycling Increased recycling and promotion: Rolling out more kerbside collection National advertising Local advertising Government announcements on environmental issues and sustainability Increasing central and local government sustainable procurement Constant press coverage on all things environmental

In the media… A few examples of the stream of messages. Between Sept 04 to March 05 a NOP tracking study has shown those describing themselves as “committed recyclers” has increased from 45% to 50% (WRAP target in Mar 06 is 55%) £10M spend per year

In the media… Eddy Izard voiceover on prime time TV adverts and Local radio Message focus on what recycled materials become – plane, train, car, fridge or another can

In the media… Promoting magazine recycling

Why buy recycled content paper?......... Recycling = “collection” + “buy-recycled” Your impact Your impact is vital Approx 1,000Tpa of purchase = approx 1Km of articulated lorries of waste paper. You directly or influence whether this material goes to landfill or is recycled. You can make a big impact! Economics of recycling

The prime “buy-recycled” argument is not about…. saving trees Cereals analogy if appropriate Sustainable virgin pulp sourcing and its place …is about avoiding…. landfill

Why?......... Environmental Landfill, methane production… also: Recycled paper also typically: uses less energy in production creates less VOC’s, uses less transport miles has a significantly smaller “environmental footprint” reduces pressure on forest resources Additional environmental benefits.

Why?.... CSR / marketing Your customers: Your “customers” are increasingly being asked to recycle 50% of the population describe themselves as “committed recyclers” (source NOP tracking survey Mar 2005) Recycled / recycling is seen as “good”. Opportunity to be associated with a positive feelings such as: caring future looking ethical doing your bit… Universities, and other higher education authorities, are seen as exemplars, providing education, values and the future for the next generation

Why?.... CSR / marketing Stakeholders / Investors Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) a necessity for high profile organisations Purchasing recycled materials is a positive action. >50% of your staff are committed recyclers, positive reinforcement of your organisational values Supporting government commitment to sustainable procurement Recycled content paper is: a “quick” win A demonstration you are doing something

So what is available? Paper for printed publications Magazine papers Envelopes Copier / printer paper Tissue papers Boxes ………..

Why?....... quality and cost You do not need to compromise “quality” by procuring recycled content papers full colour publication papers office papers Technical developments have significantly improved the performance and cost of recycled papers brands are readily available which match the performance of virgin papers. need not pay more You can have a “traditional recycled look” if you want OGCbs Printed paper framework available for public sector

It doesn’t have to be 100% recycled Suggested minimum specification for recycled content. Copier / Office paper 70% Printing Papers 50% (for marketing and publications) Tissue 100% What is recycled content? Post & pre-consumer waste. Not mill broke If you are currently using virgin paper a move to a 50% recycled content paper that works for you and your organisation is great! Don’t feel you have use the maximum possible recycled content – or nothing! Make the change and review is in a few years. WRAP objective is to move recycled content paper into the mainstream. Move on from a few users at very high percentages and most at 0%.

How WRAP can help you Advocacy team one2one support Advice on product availability On effective specification and policy for recycled content Technical advice Facilitate trial material. Free Provided by a team experienced in paper and print Procurement guides: Recycled content Office and publication papers Recycled content Tissue papers Recycled content Business process papers Case studies Technical information sheets ……

Summary Recycling = “collection” + “buy-recycled” Recycled paper: Same quality Need not cost more Reduces landfill Supports your CSR and marketing

You could say…. …. using recycled paper is a no brainer!

The case for recycled in construction

Materials efficiency in construction M tonnes Overall material consumption by construction industry (~420 Mt per year) Quantity of construction and demolition waste generated (~90 Mt per year) Waste construction materials that are recycled (~45 Mt per year) As stated previously, construction is one of the biggest users of materials in the economy, consuming approximately 420 million tonnes of materials each year. It also generates some 90 million tonnes of construction, demolition and excavation waste each year, only half of which is currently recycled or reclaimed back into construction. Use of construction products and materials that have above average levels of recycled content will help improve this situation.

Headline Construction Figures One of the UK’s most productive sectors, contributing almost 9% to the GDP 50% UK energy consumption associated with buildings – construction & use 90% non-energy minerals extracted used in construction - <1% new buildings uses reclaimed materials Biggest consumer of material resources: 420 million tonnes/year

KEY SUSTAINABILITY GOALS Energy Materials Water Material & Product selection Material use & waste management Specifying materials with low env impact Use of renewable materials Use products with high recycled content Using locally sourced CDW Efficient use of finite natural materials Minimising environmental damage Waste avoidance and minimisation Collection segregation & recycling Return packaging & reduce over-ordering What is a client looking for in sustainable construction? The Sustainable Buildings Task Group identified three key areas where we need to increase efficiency – energy, water and the use of materials. Have already explained why materials are an important issue and an area with significant potential for improvement. Two aspects – The selection of materials and then the management of any waste that may arise in the construction process. Materials selection Specify materials with low environmental impact – this can also include assessing travel distances. Maximise recycling opportunities by sourcing materials from local CD activities – particularly aggregate materials. Utilise the demo protocol to maximise the recovery of materials Target the use of manufactured products with high recycled content, (this can include reclaimed products (especially used in self-build) e.g. purchased via Salvo. Waste Management Investigate waste avoidance through planning and design (for ability to be recycled) and the implementation of a SWMP The DTI SWMP guidance provides a framework for good practice to minimise waste e.g. by reducing over-ordering and the returning of surplus materials, Good site practice to segregate and recover the remaining waste, -

Mainstream, not green Many mainstream products already include recycled content A range of products offer above-average recycled content at no extra cost The potential for diversion from landfill is substantial Many construction products (bricks, blocks, boards, concrete products, etc.) already include recycled content. But various mainstream products offer above-average recycled content, at no extra cost or risk – readily available, manufactured in accordance with quality standards, and sourced in the UK. So the opportunities are mainstream, not green. The potential to divert materials from landfill is substantial. For example, if schools achieved the viable cost-neutral increase, their use of recycled material would increase ten-fold – an extra 3,000 to 4,000 tonnes per secondary school. Of course, as with every other requirement aimed at a specific aspect of sustainability (e.g. water or energy efficiency), you need to check that reducing impact in one area does not increase it in another. Life-cycle analysis of the construction specifications in BRE’s Green Guide has shown that, almost invariably, substituting products with higher recycled content retains (or, in some cases, gains) the top environmental rating. Recycled content Mainstream brands Eco-brands 0%

Quick Wins Where will we find Quick Wins that are . . cost-effective with comparable performance and readily available? Many examples in Concrete blocks Asphalt Paving slabs Bricks Flooring Various aggregate products Ceiling tiles Chipboard Plasterboard Insulation Roof tiles 1.) What is a Quick Win (WRAP definition): - options for using a higher level of recycled content that are cost-effective (i.e. at least cost-neutral), offer comparable performance and quality are readily available in the marketplace. They are easy ways to increase the value of the recycled materials you use in your construction projects, without expending additional effort in design or construction. 2.) This whole thing is quite easy – quick wins can be made either by: - simply specifying higher recycled content as a project outcome or - by identifying products and seeking their use. (We advise you as a construction client to set an outcome requirement – even if your architect then translates this into specifications to use particular products.) 3.) Case studies show that the top 5-10 product substitutions on a project gives you significant scope to increase the recycled content.

Examples of mainstream products available Product type Option with lower recycled content Option with higher recycled content Dense block 0% Hanson Conbloc - Up to 70% Wall insulation Superglass Superwall Cavity Slab > 80% Concrete roof tile Lafarge – various, e.g. Grovebury - 17% Ceiling tiles >10% Armstrong – various – 28 to 52% Intermediate floors, e.g. timber 50-70% Sonae – Sonaefloor – 90 to 95% Floor coverings – safety BSW Regupol Everroll rubber flooring - 80% 1) This is a product comparison where we show the scope to go for cost-competitive brands with higher recycled content: Leading brands such as Hanson and Lafarge Key product groups like blocks and insulation Product information can be accessed from WRAP at www.wrap.org.uk/construction the table above is taken from the WRAP publication ‘Choosing construction products: recycled content of mainstream products’ 2) WRAP has previously commissioned work to demonstrate cost neutrality. The aim was to give Bristol City Council confidence that they could set a RC requirement in a major schools PFI project without risking the tender prices increasing. WRAP commissioned a senior QS, experienced in schools work in the Bristol area, to identify alternative brands and the best price available for that size of project. Prices were obtained principally from builders merchants – and Jewson in particular were helpful in ensuring that realistic prices were established. The results showed that across the range of product types where higher recycled content options are commonly found – representing over half the cost of materials on a typical schools project – there were product options with higher RC at no additional cost. This evidence satisfied Bristol, and they set a RC requirement in their PFI Invitation to Negotiate issued at end-January 2005. Project specific example

Using your procurement strategy to drive resource efficiency Sustainable Buildings Task Group: Specify 10% or higher minimum requirement for recycled content as a proportion of the value of materials for the whole project You can also encourage higher performance e.g. through tender evaluation criteria So what requirements can you set and measure against? There are some standard benchmarks for construction and paper. For construction - SBTG recommendation for Bldg Regulations and Code for Sustainable Buildings. Also adopted by Building Schools for the Future and the Scottish Executive. Case studies show that this is a conservative baseline requirement. By setting a 10% level, you will NOT drive unbalanced decisions on product selection and design that could have adverse side-effects. Some clients may want to set higher benchmarks, where they know from experience that this is commercially competitive in a particular type of building. Others will set a lower threshold, because they don’t want to constrain design choices. For example, Whipps Cross University Hospital said 10% minimum, but preferably at least 15%. The bottom line is: you need to measure recycled content in order to gain recognition for good performance and to identify where you can improve. For paper, there are some simple thresholds you can specify, while still maintaining a good choice of quality papers at competitive prices……

What is being achieved without asking for good practice? Type of project Baseline/ actual practice % Cost neutral good practice % Detached/terraced house 6 - 26 16-29 Commercial office 10* - 22 12*-30 School, hospital 12* - 20 15*-27 Road reconstruction 8 - 16 27-29 Bridge reconstruction 18 - 23 33-49 These results are taken from a range of case studies. They show recycled content actually used – in projects where no-one was measuring or trying to use HRC. The case studies show that 10% is a conservative baseline requirement. By setting a 10% level, you will NOT drive unbalanced decisions on product selection and design that could have adverse side-effects. The levels achievable at good practice, by substituting with Quick Win options, are higher. Other organisations involved in conducting the research: Davis Langdon Faithful and Gould Cyril Sweett Arup Scott Wilson Faber Maunsell BRE * Excluding building services

Standard/actual practice Housing example Standard/actual practice Good practice (cost-neutral) Timber-framed house, Hillcrest HA 7% 15% Timber-framed house, Milnbank HA 12% 21% Brick/block house, Taylor Woodrow 16% 20% – 28% Here are the headline results for recycled content from three case studies of house-building. The columns show (a) standard or actual practice, without trying to achieve recycled content above the baseline, and (b) good practice, by substituting cost-comparable alternatives for blocks, bricks and ten or so other key product types. In the case of the Taylor Woodrow house, the 20% figure is achievable with a cost saving, and 28% at overall cost-neutrality. The results illustrate three key points: There is significant potential for improvement at no extra cost The baseline of 10% recommended by the Sustainable Buildings Task Group is modest and achievable The result at standard practice varies according to the building design. Clearly, depending on your building design, you may already be well over 10%, and not yet getting credit for it. The point about the 10% benchmark is firstly to get the low scorers up to a minimum threshold, but more importantly to get everyone to look at the top 5 or 10 changes they can make. This will get you much of the way towards good practice. Some clients will want to set higher benchmarks, where they know from experience that this is commercially competitive in a particular type of building. Others will set a lower threshold, because they don’t want to constrain design choices. For example, Whipps Cross University Hospital said 10% minimum, but preferably at least 15%. The bottom line is: you need to measure recycled content in order to gain recognition for good performance and to identify where you can improve.

Steel framed housing example Standard practice 20 – 23% As built specification 23 - 25% Good practice 26 – 29% Best practice 30 – 31% Product type Base case Quick Win Insulation – Roof 0% 80% General fill 50- 100% Insulation wool – external walls 50% 70% facing Brick 5% 11 – 20%

Evidence base - DfES Exemplar designs for schools Design S2 - Suburban edge of town setting Design S5 - Inner city sites City Academy, Brent – Recently completed Design S2 Design S5 City Academy, Brent Build cost of school £M 14.1 15.1 12.2 Approx value of materials £M 3.3 3.7 3.6 % recycled content – Standard practice 15.5% 17.3% 12.9% % recycled content – Product substitution 18.1% 21.2% 15.6% Tonnage avoiding landfill – Standard practice 400 490 830 Tonnage avoiding landfill – Product substitution 3100 4800 4300 In this study Davis Langdon analysed the DfES exemplar school designs to determine the feasibility of meeting minimum requirements of recycled content Key figures to note are that 16-17% recycled content under standard practice which exceeds the 10% benchmark. Through product substitution, these figures rise to 18 and 21%. (These figures exclude M&E services, which would increase each figure by about 6% in absolute terms.) Perhaps the most interesting outcome is demonstrated by the almost 10-fold increase in the amount of material that avoids landfill.

Case study – Glasgow school Best opportunities to increase recycled content General fixtures, furnishings and equipment, flooring (inside) Plasterboard dry lining, partitions, ceiling (inside) Where Glasgow When 2004 Building Camstradden Primary School Total construction works value £3.4m Total materials value £2m Asphalt Describe the slide and areas to increase recycled content Excavating and filling Interlocking brick, block roads, paving Mixing, casting, curing in-situ concrete Drainage below ground

Quick Wins Coated macadam/Asphalt roads/Pavings Top Quick Wins Coated macadam/Asphalt roads/Pavings Rubber/Plastics/Lino/Carpet tiling Actual (£) Readily achievable (£) Mixing/Casting/Curing in Situ concrete Excavating and filling Interlocking brick/Block roads/Pavings Plasterboard dry lining/partitions/ceilings There were actually 14 possible Quick Wins in this case study. At a good level (cost comparable and readily available) the best performers are: plasterboard materials used in drainage belowground interlocking bricks / block roads and paving Note the presence of the floor finishes at the top of the graph. With plasterboard they constitute the biggest contributors in internal finishes. Drainage belowground 10000 20000 30000 40000 Recycled Content Value £

Who is taking action? Adopted minimum 10% value requirement Glasgow City Council Aberdeen City Council Dundee City Council Newcastle City Council Solihull MBC Sheffield CC Bristol City Council Whipps Cross Hospital Lancashire County Council Building Schools for the Future (BSF) Raploch URC Here are a number of organisations that have adopted a 10% target for recycled content in tender specification in major PFI and other projects (that have not yet been built)

Who is taking action? Increasing the use of recycled content BAA British Land Ely Bridge Worcestershire CC Yorkshire Forward Major supermarkets Major housebuilders - Redrow Glamorgan Gwent HA Here are a number of organisations that have adopted a 10% target for recycled content in tender specification in major PFI and other projects (that have not yet been built)

How WRAP can help The latest measure have been included in the Clean Neighbourhoods and Environment Act. The Act includes measures to tackle a whole range of local environmental quality issues, and there is a large section on waste and fly tipping. The aim of the measures we included was to [read slide]

WRAP assistance RC Toolkit Case studies Procurement advice Site waste management Demolition guidance Web resources AggRegain, tools, research reports Trailblazer projects Events

Toolkit – data requirements We have developed a number of toolkits to help you assess the level of recycled content by value when responding to requirements that may be set by a client. Our web-enabled New Build toolkit will be available in January next year and we will be providing in-house tutorials to a range of organisations to encourage quick uptake. The tool enables assessment for a range of buildings such as schools, hospitals, commercial and retail etc and involves inputting some basic data covering the building fabric such as overall dimensions, no. of floors, type of construction (steel/conc frame) etc. It then automatically populates fields relating to the various building elements by assigning them some default values of recycled content. NEXT SLIDE

Material Resource Efficiency in Construction www.wrap.org.uk/construction

Publications & guidance Quick Win & Procurement guidance documents Housing Quick Wins Preliminary works General building Office & commercial refurbishment Highways maintenance Councillor briefing documents Plus new highways guidance Plus product listing

Resources for procurement Construction procurement template wording: Design/project brief Appointment of design team Supplier pre-qualification and audit Tender specification (D&B, traditional) Contract clauses Construction product listing WRAP CAN PROVIDE MODEL WORDING FOR THE VARIOUS STAGES OF THE PROCUREMENT PROCESS, including Project/design brief Appointment of design team Supplier pre-qualification and audit Tender specification (traditional procurement and design & build) Contract clauses WRAP has also published information on available brands and their recycled content – see the guide “Choosing construction products: Recycled content in mainstream products” which provides comparisons across a portfolio of mainstream brands.

For further information Thank you! www.wrap.org.uk/construction jim.wiltshire@wrap.org.uk