A GA K HAN D EVELOPMENT N ETWORK

What is the AKDN? The Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN) is a group of international, private, non-denominational development agencies and institutions that seek to empower communities and individuals, usually in disadvantaged circumstances, to improve living conditions and opportunities.

Unless they can be touched with the spark which ignites the spirit of individual enterprise and determination, they will only sink into apathy, degradation and despair. It is for us, who are more fortunate, to provide that spark.” His Highness the Aga Khan “There are those who enter the world in such poverty that they are deprived of both the means and the motivation to improve their lot.

About the AKDN’s Founder Stone Town Zanzibar, Tanzania His Highness the Aga Khan is the 49 th hereditary Imam of the Shia Imami Ismaili Muslims and a direct descendant of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him); He has emphasised the view of Islam as a thinking, spiritual faith, one that teaches compassion and tolerance and that upholds the dignity of man, Allah's noblest creation; In recent generations, the Aga Khan’s family has followed a tradition of international service; Over the years the Aga Khan has received numerous decorations, honorary degrees, and awards in recognition of the various dimensions of his work

Core Theme: Education Cross Cutting Higher Education Primary and Secondary Pre-Primary Early childhood care and education programmes Manages pre- schools Human Development Programme Develops and operates Primary and secondary schools in rural and urban areas Centre of Excellence schools School Improvement Programmes (public, private, community) Professional Development Centres International Academic Partnership Institute for Educational Development Masters programme In-service teacher training Humanities Programme Policy reform Action research Curriculum development Madrasa programme Kampala, Uganda Sultan Mohammed Shah School Karachi, Pakistan AKU-Institute for Educational Development

Health Cross Cutting Higher Education Service deliveryPrimary Care Community health care programmes Builds village-level capacity (CHNs TBAs, LHVs) Immunisation Health promotion Mobilisation Health education Develops and operates Basic health care centres in rural areas Secondary health care facilities Diagnostic centres Maternity homes Referral hospitals Medical education Nursing education Pre-service In-service Public health training Health sector reform Technical assistance to government systems Infectious diseases programmes Lady Health Visitor Kwale,Kenya Aga Khan HospitalAKU-Faculty of Health Sciences

Rural Development Rural savings and credit Northern Areas, Pakistan Farming practices Kwale, Kenya Check-dam construction Gujarat, India Agricultural inputs North Coast, Mozambique Social mobilisation Chitral, Pakistan Bridge and irrigation channel construction Tajikistan

Housing Construction of Professional Development Centre, Gilgit, Pakistan Water supply Gujarat, India Sanitation Zanzibar, Tanzania

NGO Enhancement Indigenous Philanthropy Building a knowledge base on civil society Enabling Environment Initiative Macro Developing professional associations and networks Strengthening civil society organisations Development management education and leadership development Micro

Economic Development Zanzibar Serena Inn Zanzibar, Tanzania Financial Services Development Credit Bank, India Fastoplast SA Burkina Faso Enterprise Support Facility Khorog, Tajikistan Frigoken Kenya Azito Energie Côte d’Ivore

Architecture Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture at Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology Historic Cities Support Programme Karimabad and Balit Project, Hunza, Pakistan Geoffrey Bawa, Sri Lanka Recipient of the Chairman’s Award, 2001 Aga Khan Award for Architecture, 8 th Cycle Publication Aga Khan Trust for Culture ArchNet.org Aga Khan Award for Architecture Ceremony Egypt

Culture Aga Khan Music Initiative in Central Asia Silk Road Project with Yo-Yo Ma Smithsonian Folklife Festival 2002 Aga Khan Museum (under development) Toronto, Canada Institute for Studies in Muslim Civilisations London, UK

Pluralism society as are poverty alleviation and conflict prevention. In fact all three are intimately related.... The inability of human society to recognise pluralism as a fundamental value constitutes a real handicap for its development and a serious danger for our future.” His Highness the Aga Khan “My conviction is that the strengthening of institutions supporting pluralism is as critical for the welfare and progress of human

AKDN’s Geographic Presence: 31 Countries in 6 Regions Europe and North America Bosnia-Herzegovina Canada France Portugal Russian Federation Spain Switzerland United Kingdom United States of America West Africa Burkina Faso Congo Côte d’Ivoire Mali Niger Senegal Middle East Egypt Iran Syria Eastern Africa Kenya Madagascar Mauritius Mozambique Tanzania Uganda South Asia Bangladesh India Pakistan Central Asia Afghanistan Kazakhstan Kyrgyz Republic Tajikistan

AKDN’s Organisational Structure: Foundations University of Central Asia Aga Khan University THE IMAMAT AGA KHAN DEVELOPMENT NETWORK Economic Development Culture Social Development Aga Khan Foundation Aga Khan Trust for Culture Aga Khan Education Services Aga Khan Health Services Aga Khan Planning and Building Services Aga Khan Award for Architecture Historic Cities Support Programme Education and Culture Programme Aga Khan Fund for Economic Development Tourism Promotion Services Industrial Promotion Services Financial Services

AGA KHAN FOUNDATION Seeks to develop and promote creative solutions to problems that impede social development, primarily in Asia and Eastern Africa; Focuses on rural development, education, health and enhancement of non-governmental organisations; and Has interest in cross-cutting issues of gender and human resource development. Founded in Has branches and independent affiliates in 14 countries. Village Organisation Sost, Northern Areas, Pakistan

AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE Focuses on culture as a means to enhance the physical, social and economic revitalisation of communities in the Islamic world; and Aims to recognise excellence in architecture, conservation and creative re-use of historic buildings and public spaces and strengthen education of architectural practice. In addition to the Aga Khan Award for Architecture and the Museum Unit, conducts the Historic Cities Support Programme and Education and Culture Programme. Al-Azhar Park Project and Conservation and Rehabilitation of Darb al-Ahzar,Cairo, Egypt

Universities University of Central Asia Aga Khan University THE IMAMAT AGA KHAN DEVELOPMENT NETWORK Economic Development Culture Social Development Aga Khan Foundation Aga Khan Trust for Culture Aga Khan Education Services Aga Khan Health Services Aga Khan Planning and Building Services Aga Khan Award for Architecture Historic Cities Support Programme Education and Culture Programme Aga Khan Fund for Economic Development Tourism Promotion Services Industrial Promotion Services Financial Services

Aims to promote human welfare by disseminating knowledge and by providing instruction, training, research and services; Comprises the Faculty of Health Sciences (Medical College, School of Nursing, University Hospital), Institute for Educational Development, Institute for the Study of Muslim Civilisations. Under development are the Faculty of Arts and Sciences and Institute for Human Development; Maintains relationships with leading international universities; and Has campuses in Pakistan, East Africa and UK. Established in Has over 3,500 alumni. Faculty of Health Sciences campus Karachi, Pakistan AGA KHAN UNIVERSITY

World’s first university dedicated to education and research in mountain regions and societies; Founded by treaty between Tajikistan, Kyrgyz Republic, Kazakhstan and Ismaili Imamat Located on three campuses Khorog, Tajikistan; Tekeli, Kazakhstan; and Naryn, Kyrgyz Republic; Will offer programmes in Mountain Development, Liberal Arts and Continuing Education and Training; and Will use state-of the-art distance learning technology and English as medium of instruction. Campus location Khorog, Tajikistan UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL ASIA

Private, not-for-profit social service delivery agencies University of Central Asia Aga Khan University THE IMAMAT AGA KHAN DEVELOPMENT NETWORK Economic Development Culture Social Development Aga Khan Foundation Aga Khan Trust for Culture Aga Khan Education Services Aga Khan Health Services Aga Khan Planning and Building Services Aga Khan Award for Architecture Historic Cities Support Programme Education and Culture Programme Aga Khan Fund for Economic Development Tourism Promotion Services Industrial Promotion Services Financial Services

Aga Khan Education Services Operates over 300 schools across Eastern Africa, South and Central Asia, from pre- school to higher secondary levels. Enrols 55,000 students and employs 3,500 staff; Aims to diminish the many obstacles to educational access, quality and achievement; and Emphasis on excellence in educational practice and management, child-centred learning, female education, ethics and school-based teacher training. Aga Khan School Karachi, Pakistan

Aga Khan Hospital Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania Aga Khan Health Services Operates 320 medical facilities in Eastern Africa, South and Central Asia, comprising primary health care centres in rural areas, dispensaries, diagnostic centres, maternity homes and referral hospitals; Provides technical support in the management of government health systems; and Cares for 1 million people annually and employs 3,900 staff. Major initiatives include assisting communities in manage their health, providing care in modern, efficient and cost-effective facilities and educating health professionals.

Water and Sanitation activities Sangodra, India Aga Khan Planning and Building Services Improves the built environment through design and construction, village planning, natural hazard mitigation, environmental sanitation and improved water supply systems; Provides material and technical assistance and construction management services for rural and urban areas; and Develops appropriate, low-cost ‘technologies’ for the built environment.

For-profit venture capital development agency University of Central Asia Aga Khan University THE IMAMAT AGA KHAN DEVELOPMENT NETWORK Economic Development Culture Social Development Aga Khan Foundation Aga Khan Trust for Culture Aga Khan Education Services Aga Khan Health Services Aga Khan Planning and Building Services Aga Khan Award for Architecture Historic Cities Support Programme Education and Culture Programme Aga Khan Fund for Economic Development Tourism Promotion Services Industrial Promotion Services Financial Services

Strengthens the private sector in developing countries by promoting entrepreneurial activity and supporting private sector initiatives; Catalyses investment in developing or transitional economies; Constructs or rehabilitates infrastructure and builds economically viable enterprises; Operates over 100 companies in the hotel, banking, insurance, microfinance, property development, telecommunications, agro- processing, power, printing and textile industries; and Employs over 15,000 staff. Aga Khan Fund for Economic Development Sewing factory Enterprise Support Facility Khorog, Tajikistan

Defining characteristics: Grounded in Ethics Inclusiveness Education and Research Compassion and Sharing Self-reliance Respect for life and healthcare Sound mind Sustainable environment Governance

Works in difficult, often marginalised places Post-conflict Afghanistan Resource-poor Syria Harsh climate and terrain Tajikistan

Takes a long-term perspective Rural development Gujarat, India Engages for the long term to ensure sustainability - in some areas for over 30 years; Moves communities from poverty to self- reliance; Has its own funding sources, reducing the impact of ‘peaks and valleys’ in donor funding; and Builds lasting institutions.

Protocols His Highness with President Karzai, 2002 Afghanistan Has agreements and protocols with over 20 countries and international bodies; Provides AKDN with Fiscal privileges Ability to bring in world-class expertise Sustained relationships with host governments; and Demonstrates AKDN’s long-term commitment.

Area development approach EXAMPLE: Northern Pakistan AKU: PDC Gilgit AKPBS: Water supply AKF: AgricultureAKHS: Lady Health VisitorAKTC: Ganesh restoration AKES: Sultanabad school AKFED: Micro-credit

cannot be contemplated exclusively in economic terms, but rather as an integrated programme that encompasses social and cultural dimensions” His Highness the Aga Khan “Development is sustainable only if the beneficiaries become, in a gradual manner, the masters of the process. This means that initiatives

Broad range of capabilities EUPEK School Improvement Programme Kampala, Uganda Privileged relationships with a broad range of partners Governments – policy dialogue Donor agencies – funding and expertise Technical experts – world-leading expertise Field-level NGOs – operational experience Communities – ownership; Scale (all numbers are for 2002) Annual expenditure: US $825 million Not-for-profit expenditure: US $235 million Number of employees: 28,200; Developed deep expertise in specific fields For example in high-mountain and coastal area development; Efficiency and effectiveness Innovation Systematic, cross-sector and cross-geography learning Relentless focus on quality, evaluation and impact assessment; and Can draw on a diverse set of institutions - to tackle a range of development challenges.

Grounded in a constituency Partnership Walk Houston, USA Draws from the presence, locally and globally of the Ismaili community: Extensive voluntary support Leadership and governance Institutional infrastructure Local knowledge and access Financial support.

Key drivers Field-driven Over 99 percent of AKDN’s staff is in the field; Community-based Mobilises and engages communities to identify, prioritise and implement development projects; Creates opportunities and not dependence Provides an environment as well as support, for communities to take control of their development; and Facilitates a slip-stream of investment Pioneers development models that others can use Invests seed ‘development’ capital that is leveraged by other investments Leads work in ‘hard-to-reach’ areas, allowing others to join in the development process. Community group constructing pre-school facility Zanzibar, Tanzania

Impact: Improved economic indicators… AKRSP programme area Passu, Northern Areas, Pakistan “While the AKRSP (Aga Khan Rural Support Programme) is at the top end of a range of global and local comparators for operating costs per household, the estimated economic rate of return of at least 16 percent – probably closer to 25 to 30 percent if all benefits could be quantified and attributed – suggests the investment choices have been sound and the program has been highly efficient” World Bank Operations and Evaluation Department, 2002

…and social indicators Community health centre Gujarat, India Health case study: Gujarat Health Systems Development Programme Indicator Immunisation49%74% Post-natal check-up13%57% Antenatal registration36%70% Incidence of anemia46%21%

Built local capacity and infrastructure Bridge linking Afghanistan and Tajikistan, 2002 Shugnan, Badakshan Strengthens local capacity through training, staff development, and replacing expatriate staff with locals; Strengthens existing and builds new local institutions; Enhances government capacity; and Creates infrastructure, for example: Schools and hospitals Banks Roads, bridges and dams Power plants.

Policy reform Health sector Gorno-Badakshan, Tajikistan Education – contributed to setting national policies and curricula in early childhood education, in Pakistan and East Africa Health – reformed the pharmaceutical regime in Gorno-Badakshan, Tajikistan NGO Enhancement – enacted legislation for private sector tax incentives, to enhance social sector giving – Pakistan, Kenya and Tanzania Rural development – policy changes in forestry and irrigation to enable sustainable development – India

Setting new standards Nursing profession in Pakistan AKU-School of Nursing Setting standards in corporate citizenship, quality service and progressive employment practices. Nairobi Serena Hotel Centre of Excellence school Mombasa, Kenya

this region is the need to attack its true roots. These lie not in religion or in corruption, but rather in deprivation, poverty, exclusion and lack of opportunity – and therefore hope.... We firmly believe that the disadvantaged amongst us must be able to build a sound and secure future with dignity and pride – and not merely to survive.” His Highness the Aga Khan “Poverty is a problem whose import is ignored at great peril. Perhaps, the greatest lesson of the tragedy of conflict that has recently engulfed