The Five Themes of Geography
History is the study of events over time. Looking at the Earth History is the study of events over time. 900 AD 1492 AD 2000 BC 1621 AD
Geography - the study of distribution and interaction of physical and human features on the earth.
Five Themes of Geography Geographers use a variety of tools: Maps Photographs Charts Graphs and Tables Scale Models Five Themes of Geography
Five Themes of Geography Location: where is it? Place: what is it like? Region: how are places similar or different? Human-Environment Interaction: how do people relate to the physical world? Movement: how do people goods, and ideas move from one place to another?
LOCATION Where is it? Absolute Location: the exact place on earth where a geographic feature, such a city, is found. Relative Location: describes a place in comparison to other places around it.
Imaginary lines north and and south from the equator. Latitude Imaginary lines north and and south from the equator. Equator N S 100 200 300 00 900 W E Prime Meridian 100 200 300 00 1800 Longitude Imaginary lines east and west from the Prime Meridian.
Together, latitude and longitude form a GRID SYSTEM.
Locate the following using the map on pages A4-A5. 1. City closest to 30S / 150E 2. Country bounded by 0S, 15S, 15E, 30E 3. City closest to 60N / 45E 4. Islands between 15N, 30N, 150W, 165W 5. Country through which 75N, 40W pass 6. You are at 15S / 90E. Do you need a car or a boat? 7. What is at 90N / 180W? 8. Country through which 55N, 0E pass.
Hemispheres The Earth is divided at the equator into two halves. Each half is called a hemisphere or half-circle. N 900 Northern Hemisphere Equator 00 Southern Hemisphere S 900
Use the map on pages A2-A3 to determine the hemisphere in which each place is located. Write North or South. 1. United States 2. Congo Basin 3. Rio de Janeiro 4. Gobi Desert 5. Red Sea 6. Cape Horn
The Earth is also divided east and west. Hemispheres The Earth is also divided east and west. Western Hemisphere Eastern Hemisphere Western Hemisphere Eastern Hemisphere International Dateline 1800 Longitude Prime Meridian 00 Longitude
Use the map on pages A2-A3 to determine the hemisphere in which each place is located. Write East or West. 1. Siberia 2. Aleutian Islands 3. Puerto Rico 4. Arabian Peninsula 5. Andes Mountains 6. Mariana Islands
PLACE What is it like? Climate Bridges Vegetation Buildings Landforms
Using the categories listed on the previous page as a starting point, make a list of everything you can think of that would describe Houston to someone who has never been here. Work with your partner. You have five minutes.
REGION How are places similar or different? Three types of regions Formal Regions: defined by Climate Culture Vegetation Continental area Land use
REGION Functional Regions: defined interactions and connections between places. Perceptual Regions: defined by what people perceive or “see” as characteristic of the region.
HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION How do people relate to the physical world? Houses Crops Protection Engineering Animals Food Sources Jobs Transportation Clothes
HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION With your partner, brainstorm examples of how people living in the Houston area interact with their environment. Use the examples on the previous page as a starting point. You have 5 minutes.
MOVEMENT How do people goods, and ideas move from one place to another? Linear Distance: how far Time Distance: how long Psychological Distance: how far away we think or feel a place is.
MOVEMENT Working with your partner, brainstorm at least one example of each of the three types of distance. You have 5 minutes.