C ULTURE ; W HAT IS IT ? W HO HAS IT ?

D O N OW What is culture? List five things that are a part of someone’s culture.

D EFINE Culture Culture Trait Culture region Ethnic group Cultural diversity Cultural diffusion

C HALLENGE Q UESTIONS 1. What is one culture trait that is not shared around the world? 2. What is one culture trait that you share with many other people around the world? 3. What are some culture traits that immigrants in your area have adopted from the U.S.? 4. Give an example of how a law affects culture. 5. How are families important to the development of culture? 6. Why is a shared language an important feature of a culture region? 7. Why might cultural diversity cause conflict? Can you think of an example not in your text? 8. How does the internet encourage cultural diffusion?

1. W HAT IS CULTURE ? A WAY OF LIFE. Culture is the set of beliefs, values, and practices that a group of people share.

2. W HAT IS C ULTURE ? A WAY OF LIFE Culture includes many aspects of life such as language and religion that we may share with people around us. Everything in your day to day life is part of your culture, from the clothes you wear, to the music you hear, to the food you eat.

3. A LL C ULTURES HAVE AT LEAST THREE THINGS IN C OMMON They have some kind of government, They educate their children in some way, And they create some type of art or music

Food Language religion clothes music

4. A CULTURE TRAIT IS AN ACTIVITY OR BEHAVIOR IN WHICH PEOPLE OFTEN TAKE PART. Playing soccer Eating with chopsticks Dancing

5. S OMETIMES A CULTURE TRAIT IS SHARED BY PEOPLE AROUND THE WORLD. F OR EXAMPLE, ALL AROUND THE GLOBE PEOPLE PARTICIPATE IN THE GAME OF SOCCER. A SPORT CAN BE SHARED. 6. The way people eat their food can be different. In China most people use chopsticks to eat their food. In Europe, however, people use forks and spoons. In Ethiopia, many people use bread or their fingers to scoop their food.

D O N OW What is a culture trait? List three culture traits that describe your culture.

W HAT DO THESE STUDENTS IN K ENYA AND J APAN HAVE IN COMMON ? W HAT IS DIFFERENT ?

7. M OST CULTURE TRAITS DEVELOP WITHIN FAMILIES AS TRADITIONS, FOODS, OR HOLIDAY CUSTOMS ARE HANDED DOWN OVER THE YEARS.

8. H OW D OES C ULTURE D EVELOP ? A. Laws and moral codes can be passed down within societies. For example, many laws in the United States can be traced back to England in the 1600s and were brought by colonists to America.

8. H OW DOES C ULTURE DEVELOP ? B. Cultures develop as people learn new cultural traits. Immigrants who move to a new country might learn to speak the language or eat the foods of their adopted countries.

8. H OW DOES C ULTURE D EVELOP ? C. Other factors such as history and the environment also affect how cultures develop. For example, historical events changed the language and religion of much of Central and South America,

9. C ULTURE G ROUPS People who share similar culture traits are members of the same culture group. Culture groups can be based on a variety of factors such as age, language, or religion.

10. A CULTURE REGION IS AN AREA IN WHICH PEOPLE HAVE MANY SHARED CULTURE TRAITS Cultural regions are used because often cultural traits extend outside of a countries borders; Central America for example. Even though they are seven different countries they share a common language, history, and religion.

11. C ULTURE R EGIONS 7. In a specific culture region, people share certain culture traits such as religious beliefs, language, or lifestyle.

12. C ULTURE R EGIONS The Arab World is a religious cultural region Japan has one single culture throughout the country Mexico is one of many countries that is made up of different culture regions.

C OUNTRIES MAY CONTAIN SEVERAL CULTURE REGIONS WITHIN THEIR BORDERS. O FTEN, THESE CULTURE REGIONS ARE BASED ON ETHNIC GROUPS. A N ETHNIC GROUP IS A GROUP OF PEOPLE WHO SHARE A COMMON CULTURE AND ANCESTRY. 13. Cultural Diversity

14. C OUNTRIES WITH MANY CULTURES ARE CULTURALLY DIVERSE. C ULTURAL DIVERSITY IS THE STATE OF HAVING A VARIETY OF CULTURES IN THE SAME AREA. In different countries around the world ethnic groups can get along, but they also can clash. What do you think can cause conflict?

D O N OW What is cultural diversity? Why is it said that the United States is culturally diverse?

15. C ONFLICT AND C OOPERATION In Canada, for example, some French Canadians want to separate from the rest of Canada to preserve their language and culture. In the United States, many different ethnic groups live side by side. Cities and towns often celebrate their ethnic heritage with festivals and parades, like the Saint Patrick’s Day Parade in Boston or Philadelphia’s Puerto Rican Festival. Canada: ConflictCooperation; U.S.

16. C ULTURES CAN CHANGE T HROUGH : 1. Innovation (technological changes) 2. Contact with other people American students first brought baseball to Cuba in the 1800s The creation of the Internet dramatically altered the way people find information, communicate, and shop

17. H OW IDEAS SPREAD Cultural diffusion is the spread of culture traits from one region to another.

18. C ULTURAL DIFFUSION OFTEN OCCURS WHEN PEOPLE MOVE FROM ONE PLACE TO ANOTHER. F OR EXAMPLE, WHEN E UROPEANS SETTLED IN THE A MERICAS, THEY BROUGHT THEIR CULTURE ALONG WITH THEM.

19. H OW I DEAS S PREAD. Cultural diffusion also takes place as new ideas spread from place to place. For example, the game of baseball began in New York and eventually spread throughout the United States. Today baseball is played all around the world.

20. W RAP UP Give an example of how cultural diffusion impacted the United States of America. Do you think cultural diffusion has a positive or negative affect? Explain your answer. Use details from the text to support your answer

M Y A CCESS What's in a Name? Each of us has a name that makes us unique and helps to identify who we are. Yet, few people know the meaning or origin of their names. Explore the origin of your name. Using books, the Internet, or other resources, research the etymology of your name, its use in mythology or religion, and the naming traditions of your family or culture. Then, write a well-developed essay in which you discuss the meaning of your name and what makes it unique to you. As you write, remember your essay will be scored based on how well you: develop a multi-paragraph response to the assigned topic that clearly communicates your controlling idea to the audience. support your controlling idea with meaningful examples, reasons, and information based upon your research or readings. organize your essay in a clear and logical manner, including an introduction, body, and conclusion. use well-structured sentences and language that are appropriate for your audience. edit your work to conform to the conventions of standard American English. Use any of the tools available to you, such as the Checklist, Spellchecker, or Graphic Organizer.