Life Before the Industrial Revolution

Textile Manufacturing Before the Industrial Revolution

Ch 5-1 Mechanization 1.Farming in the early 1800’s was done by hand. It was difficult, tiring, and took many people. Manual Labor means doing work by hand. 2.Mechanization means using machines to do work. 3. Mechanization allowed more work to be completed in less time. 3a. Farms increased in size. 3b. Cash crops brought more money to farms (for more land/equipment).

Ch 5-1 Industrialization Industrialization allowed more goods to be produced (different sizes/colors) at a lower cost. Mail order catalogues gave people in rural areas access to these new goods. Telephones helped link people across the nation, even though rural areas faced big challenges in getting phone service.

Ch 5-1 Electrification In the late 1800’s the growth of power stations helped get electricity in homes, factories, and farms. In 1936 the Rural Electrification Act gave money to states for getting electricity to rural areas. New electric appliances made life easier.

Open Notes Quiz Chpt.5 :1 1.Work done by hand is called? 2.Work done by machines is called? 3.What gave people in rural areas access to new goods? 4.What did the 1936 Rural Electrification Act give to rural states? 5.What allowed more goods to be produced at a lower cost?

Immigrants

Trains and cities near water helped bring in businesses. (pg 223) 5-2 Cities grew because: Trains and cities near water helped bring in businesses. (pg 223) Industrialization (factories) created millions of jobs in cities. (pg 224) Immigrants came to cities to find work in factories. Machines replaced farm workers so people moved from farms to cities to find factory jobs. This movement of people from farms to cities is known as urbanization.

Ch 5-2 Challenges faced by urban (city) areas due to Overpopulation. Overcrowding- tenements were unsafe, lacked heat, no windows Diseases spread quickly because people lived so closely. Air pollution from factories. Traffic increased making roads in cities dangerous and noisy. Garbage was dumped into the streets (no pick-ups).

Ch 5-2 Solving urban challenges Settlement houses were established to help the poor & immigrants by giving English classes, helping find work, and providing daycare. Jane Addams started the Hull House. Jacob Riis’s book How the Other Half Lives used photos to reveal the conditions of the poor & immigrants. Wealthy people donated money for parks and medical centers.

The population grew so fast that housing couldn’t keep up with it. Chapter 5-2 Cause Effect The population grew so fast that housing couldn’t keep up with it. Jane Addams wanted to help immigrants. Immigrants were offered help from political machines. Steel was strong enough to support great weight. People lived in crowded tenements. She opened Hull House. Immigrants voted for the candidates supported by the political machines. Buildings became taller, bridges became longer.

Ch 5-3 Prejudice and Segregation page 234 Plessy v Ferguson- 1896 Supreme Court case made it legal for separate but equal facilities for blacks and whites. Hispanics and Chinese also faced prejudice and segregation. Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)- limited immigration based on race.

Ch 5-3 Great Migration page 235 Between 1915-1940 more than a million African Americans moved north during the Great Migration. They moved to the north seeking jobs (factory), more pay and less discrimination.

Ch 5-3 African American leaders respond to discrimination (pg 237) Booker T. Washington thought education and training for jobs were the keys to equality. He founded the Tuskegee Institute, a college for African Americans. George Washington Carver believed the same as Booker T Washington( education, training and hard work). He worked as an agricultural researcher at Tuskegee. W.E.B. DuBois believed discrimination should be challenged immediately. He helped start the NAACP.

Chapter 5-3 Open Notes Quiz 1. What Supreme Court case made separate but equal facilities legal? 2.What 1882 law limited immigration based on race? 3.____ (voc. term) was when more than a million African Americans moved North. 4.Why did these African Americans move to the North? 5.Who thought education and job training were the keys to equality and started Tuskegee Institute?

1.Women did not have the same right as men in the 1800’s. Ch 5-4 Women’s Roles pg 241 1.Women did not have the same right as men in the 1800’s. 2.Industrialization made consumer goods available and new inventions reduced the time needed for household labor. 3.In the city, women had more time to visit, shop, or even work outside of the home. 4.In the rural area, women did the same work as men.

Ch 5-4 Women’s Rights pg 242-3 In the 1800’s women worked for change: to end slavery (abolition) and stop the abuse of alcohol (temperance). Women believed if they had the power to vote they would be able to get change. The movement of women working for the right to vote is called suffrage.

Ch 5-4 Women’s Rights pg 242-3 cont. Susan B. Anthony was a suffragist and was arrested while trying to vote. She felt her arrest would bring attention to the suffrage movement.

Ch 5-4 Nineteenth Amendment pg 243 In 1919 Congress passed the 19th amendment. This stated that all citizens should not be denied the right to vote based on their gender. In August of 1920,it became law.

Suffragist