What every student should know to pass the U.S. History EOC. Goal 2 U.S. History Top 100 What every student should know to pass the U.S. History EOC. Goal 2

Goal 2: Expansion and Reform (1801-1850) The learner will assess the competing forces of expansionism, nationalism, and sectionalism.

Eli Whitney and the Cotton Gin 1798 - The cotton gin was a machine which could separate cotton from its seeds. Whitney’s invention made cotton a profitable crop. It also reinforced slavery in the economy of the South.

Missouri Compromise, 1820 Admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state. Declared that all territory north of 36°30" would become free states, and all territory south of that latitude would become slave states.

Monroe Doctrine, 1823 Declared that Europe should not interfere in the Western Hemisphere and any interference by a European power would be seen as a threat to the U.S. Mostly just a show of nationalism, the doctrine had no major impact until the late 1800s.

Tariff of Abominations Tariff of 1828 raised the tariff on imported manufactured goods. It protected the North but harmed the South; South said that the tariff was unconstitutional because it violated state's rights.

Indian Removal, 1838-1839 During the winter, troops evicted the Cherokee tribe from their homes in Georgia and moved them to Oklahoma. Many died on the trail. The journey became known as the "Trail of Tears".

Hudson River School of Art In the 1820s, a group of American painters, painted landscapes.

Nativism An anti-foreign feeling that arose in the 1840's and 1850's in response to the influx of Irish and German Catholics.

Women’s Reform Movement In the 1800's, women were not allowed to be involved in politics or own property, had little legal status and rarely held jobs. The women's movement was often overshadowed by the anti-slavery movement. Men who had been working with the women's movement worked for the abolition of slavery once it became a major issue.

Henry Clay Clay helped heal the North/South rift by aiding passage of the Compromise of 1850, which served to delay the Civil War.