East Asia Pages 608 - 673

CHINA Physical Geography History Culture Religion Economics

Physical Features of China

Climate of China COLD DRY WET WARM

Monsoons SUMMER WINTER How do summer monsoon wind affect the climate of southeastern China? The winds are full of moisture and have contributed to the area being forested and flooding often.

Physical Geography

What physical process is most likely responsible for this landform? Wind and water eroded the rock away leaving interesting landforms.

Land Use Why are the farmlands where they are? Large portions of the western land in China have a dry, rough terrain.

River Systems The Huang He (yellow river) Northern China from Kunlun Mountains to Yellow Sea 3000 miles Lots of yellow silt – making the river yellow The Chang Jiang (Yangtze River) “long river” 3900 miles From Tibet to the Yellow Sea “China’s Sorrow” due to the flooding The Xi Jiang (West River) South East China to the South East China Sea creates estuary between Hong Kong and Macao

River Systems Three Gorges Dam on the Chang Jiang River Great engineering marvel Very costly Unintended side effects

History How have these 2000 year old routes affected the region of East Asia over time? It has permitted a significant exchange of culture and goods.

History Early times run by dynasties First dynasty – Shang 1700-1100 bc Zhou Dynasty Qin Dynasty – small states –strong central government – Emperor Shi Huangdi – built great wall 1644 Manchurians invade and establish Qing Dynasty until 1911

Shang Dynasty Zhou Dynasty Qin Dynasty Han Dynasty Great Wall of China Silk Route How does the location of China today reflect the history of the region? Much of modern China contains the cultural hearth of its ancient past.

13th Century Marco Polo travelled to China China fell into the Sphere of Influence of European countries Boxers rebel in 1900 and are defeated Mao Zedong leads the communists into power in 1949 China remains communist but are focusing attention on China’s economy which relies on global markets 1979 Gaige Kaifang “reform and opening” plans for global economics

Economics China remains a rural economy sustains self sufficient farming Industrial economy is in the north east Abundant natural resources Better infrastructure Manufacturing super power

Economic “success” Need for manpower – many people move to cities for jobs – causing over population Industrial growth leads to pollution Industrial growth leads to globalization – what happened to American Indians when Europeans arrived? China intends to create 55 more airports by 2020

Hong Kong International Airport Why was artificial land created to build the airport? Hong Kong is small and dense with little available land.

Beijing is a huge industrial and population center Beijing is a huge industrial and population center. This causes what kind of environmental problem? pollution A growing population calls for a greater demand of what resource? water What will likely to result from new airport construction in China? Airports will increase trade and connections of people to other parts of China and the world. Why is it a greater challenge to manage epidemics in China? Globalization is leading China to being more connected with nations around the world.

Culture and Religion Confucianism - Well organized society called All about behavior and obedience Taoism – preserving and restoring harmony in the individual and universe Buddhism – came from India via the Silk Road Beijing hosted the 2008 Summer Olympics This was a Greek tradition. This is an example of what? Cultural convergence

Review How do summer monsoon wind affect the climate of southeastern China? The winds are full of moisture and have contributed to the area being forested and flooding often. What physical process is most likely responsible for the dynamic landforms? Wind and water erosion Why are the farmlands where they are? Large portions of the western land in China have a dry, rough terrain. What are the significant outcomes of the Three Gorges Dam on the Chang Jiang River Great engineering marvel Very costly Unintended side effects

A growing population calls for a greater demand of what resource? How have these 2000 year old routes affected the region of East Asia over time? It has permitted a significant exchange of culture and goods. How does the location of China today reflect the history of the region? Much of modern China contains the cultural hearth of its ancient past. Beijing is a huge industrial and population center. This causes what kind of environmental problem? pollution A growing population calls for a greater demand of what resource? water Why was artificial land created to build the airport? Hong Kong is small and dense with little available land.

What will likely to result from new airport construction in China What will likely to result from new airport construction in China? Airports will increase trade and connections of people to other parts of China and the world. Why is it a greater challenge to manage epidemics in China? Globalization is leading China to being more connected with nations around the world. Beijing hosted the 2008 Summer Olympics. This was a Greek tradition. This is an example of what? Cultural convergence How was Buddhism introduced to China? Silk Road