Flip Learning TASK: For next lesson you will need to: Research what happened during the 1876 election. You should think about: Who was the candidate for each side? What platform did they have? What was the result? What was the compromise and why did it need to be reached? 2. Complete the fishbone diagram For next lesson you will need to:

Overall, do you agree with this view? ‘The Southern ‘Redeemers’ were motivated by racist attitudes in their quest to redeem the South.’ Assess the validity of this view. A couple of lessons ago you were asked to complete the A3 fishbone sheet on the above question. Task: Swap your work with your partner and add on any information they might be missing in green pen. Overall, do you agree with this view? Disagree Agree Good learning: Understand the different types of resistance to Radical Reconstruction Great learning: Explain what impact the resistance had Even better: Evaluate how the South was able to be ‘redeemed’.

Was Reconstruction a success or failure? Good learning: Understand what happened during the 1876 election. Great learning: Explain the arguments for and against Reconstruction being a success Even better: Evaluate how successful Reconstruction was

What happened during the 1876 election? Even though most states had been redeemed well before the 1876 election, the election is still often seen as the end of Reconstruction. With the issues Grant had faced since his last election and the rise in Democrat control in the South (which was also marked by their dominance in the 1874 mid-term election), the election wasn’t always going to be clear cut. TASK: Watch the two videos below and add any extra information to your homework. Now try and answer the following questions: 1. Do you think the outcome of the election was predictable? 2. What impact did the election and the compromise have on: The South The Democrat Party The Republican Party African Americans 3. Overall, do you think a fair compromise was reached considering the situation at the time? 1876 election - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bzCu8qYVrG8 1877 Compromise - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tknVMkVDUto Good learning: Understand what happened during the 1876 election Great learning: Explain the arguments for and against Reconstruction being a success Even better: Evaluate how successful Reconstruction was

The end of Grant’s administration As you have just heard Grant did consider running for a third term as president, but he realised that he had very little chance of winning the candidacy. His reputation had been tarnished by the scandal and corruption and blamed for issues such as the 1873 depression. He was blamed for a lack of commitment, vision and clear aims with regards to Reconstruction, however this is not altogether fair. For example, Grant did take tough action against the KKK and in some cases (though not towards the end) brought in the military to support Reconstruction in the South. Good learning: Understand what happened during the 1876 election Great learning: Explain the arguments for and against Reconstruction being a success Even better: Evaluate how successful Reconstruction was

RECAP: What were the aims of Reconstruction? Before we can analyse whether Reconstruction was a success or not, we need to remind ourselves what were the aims of Reconstruction so that we know whether they were met in the process. If we go back to the beginning, Reconstruction is the term used to describe the problem of restoring the Confederate states to the Union, as well as to rebuild the southern government, society, infrastructure and economy after the war. The main aim Lincoln had for Reconstruction was to restore the Union as quickly as possible and was the main foundation of his 10% plan. His aim was for them to form a new state government and in the meantime install military governors until this could be decided. In the 10% plan he offered pardons to white southerners who would take an oath of allegiance to the Union. However, for many Confederate office holders and those who mistreated prisoners during the war, Lincoln would not allow them to join in new state governments. Eventually, when ten per cent of the 1860 electorate had taken the oath, a new state government could be established. Provided the state then accepted the abolition of slavery, Lincoln agreed to recognise its government. TASK: On your whiteboards, write down everything you can remember about the AIMS of Reconstruction and what it set out to do. Do you think the initial aims of Reconstruction were met? Good learning: Understand what happened during the 1876 election Great learning: Explain the arguments for and against Reconstruction being a success Even better: Evaluate how successful Reconstruction was

What were the successes and failures of Reconstruction? It is clear that one of the big successes of Reconstruction was that for the most part it met the aims it set out to achieve – restore the Union. However, as we know Reconstruction was more than this and not everything was positive. Your task is to now work out exactly what could be considered a success and what was a failure. Things to consider: Freedmen’s Bureau Thirteenth, Fourteenth, Fifteenth Amendment Lincoln’s Plan--- Assassination Impeachment of Andrew Johnson Radical Republican Plan African American get elected to Senate and Congress Military Districts Carpetbaggers Share croppers Jim Crow Black Codes KKK Compromise of 1877 TASK: You will need to have 2 mind maps (one for success and one for failure). Using the primary sources and the list opposite fill your mind map with evidence to support each side. Good learning: Understand what happened during the 1876 election Great learning: Explain the arguments for and against Reconstruction being a success Even better: Evaluate how successful Reconstruction was

What were the successes and failures of Reconstruction? Black people not really being granted equal rights Black codes KKK Relationship between black and white people in the South Corruption and scandal Sharecropping Carpetbaggers Democratic congress Jim Crow era Compromise of 1877 South economy still struggling Supreme Court rulings against laws designed to protect African Americans Redeemers and white supremacy control supported through violence and intimidation The Union was brought back together – Confederacy was destroyed for good and all the states were readmitted. New State Constitutions 13th, 14th and 15th Amendments New state and local legislation Federal legislation – Civil Rights Act and Freedmen’s Bureau Improvement in living standards of African Americans – own businesses and growth in professionals, etc African Americans are elected in to office (senators and governors) Improvements in schools, education and infrastructure (railroads, hospitals, roads, etc) More diverse jobs in the South – i.e. textile mills

Overall, how successful was Reconstruction? Before we draw a conclusion about whether Reconstruction was successful or not, lets see what other historians have said. TASK 1: Listen to the following lecture by Eric Foner and write down what some of the views have been about Reconstruction. TASK 2: It is now time for you to draw your own conclusions about Reconstruction and whether you perceive it to be a success or not. You need to write yourself a judgement to the above question and remember to include the following: Your judgement Evidence to support Undermine any counter arguments https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rBflAkJDWr0&index=7&list=PLSuwqsAnJMtypyVdc5V3dz9yWo6pIrGvT Good learning: Understand what happened during the 1876 election Great learning: Explain the arguments for and against Reconstruction being a success Even better: Evaluate how successful Reconstruction was

The end!