Classification: Linnaeus and Biological TSW investigate the process of classification and use a dichotomous key to identify organisms
What is classification? Grouping of organisms according to their characteristics in a logical manner Taxonomy: discipline of classifying organisms & assigning each organism a universally accepted name
How can we organize 1,000,000+ organisms? Taxonomy: deals with describing, classifying, and naming organisms Constantly changing…WHY? We currently have 6 Kingdoms (then divide from there)
Linnaeus’s System of Classification Consists of seven levels Each level is called a TAXON (plural: taxa) Kings Play Cards On Fat Green Stools
Taxonomic Categories Kingdom……………………………………..100,000+ Phylum………………………………………….10,000+ Class………….……………………………………1,000+ Order…….…………………………………………..100+ Family.…………………….……………………………50+ Genus……………………………………………………12+ Species……………………………………………………..1
A species is a group of organisms that are… Physically similar Potentially interbreeding Sharing a common gene pool Reproductively isolated Able to produce viable offspring
How do new species form? Environmental or genetic changes cause portions of a population to become reproductively isolated from the rest of the group
What are the 6 Kingdoms? Archaebacteria Eubacteria Protista Plantae Fungi Animalia
Which kingdoms have organisms that can reproduce sexually & asexually? ALL 6 Kingdoms!
Archaebacteria Example: Deep Sea Hydrothermal Bacteria
Eubacteria Example: Streptococcus Escherichia coli
Protista Examples: Amoeba Paramecium Slime molds Giant Kelp
Plantae Example: Mosses Ferns Flowering Plants
Fungi Example: Mushrooms Yeast
Animalia Examples: Sponges Worms Insects Fishes Mammals
Binomial Nomenclature Uses 2 words to identify an organism 1st word: Genus (capitalized) 2nd word: Species (Lowercase) When printed, must be underlined or italicized Example: Homo sapiens or Homo sapiens