5-3 NOTES: RNA AND CENTRAL DOGMA

Starter Questions What is the function of DNA? Stores information for making proteins Where are proteins made in the cell? On the ribosomes in the cytoplasm Can DNA leave the nucleus? No Then how can the information for making proteins get to the ribosome? RNA is made

Central Dogma

Vocabulary Terms Chromosome : A rod shaped structure made of one strand of DNA and protein Gene= segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for hereditary trait (protein) RNA (Ribonucleic Acid): an intermediate between DNA and proteins, made of nucleotides

Vocabulary Terms Transcription: DNA acts as the template for RNA synthesis (Making RNA) Translation: RNA directs the assembly of protein synthesis (making protein)

Central Dogma Framework for understanding the flow of information Information flows in the following way: DNA  RNA  Protein

Draw and Label

What differences do you notice between RNA and DNA?

RNA vs DNA RNA DNA Sugar = ribose Sugar = deoxyribose Uses uracil instead of thymine Single stranded DNA Sugar = deoxyribose Use thymine instead of uracil Double stranded

Double Bubble RNA vs. DNA

Types of RNA Messenger RNA (mRNA): single strand of RNA that carries information from DNA to ribosome

Types of RNA Ribosomal RNA (rRNA): RNA that is part of a ribosome

Types of RNA Transfer RNA (tRNA): transfers amino acids to the ribosome to make a protein