1. Chapter 11
11.2 From DNA to Protein

2. DNA can make RNA
RNA = Ribonucleic Acid
RNA
Single strand that helps build protein

3. Differences DNA RNA Double stranded Sugar = Deoxyribose
4 Nitrogen Bases
Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine
RNA
Single stranded
Sugar = Ribose
4 Nitrogen Bases
Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
URACIL (attaches to adenine

4. 3 Types of RNA Messenger RNA (mRNA)
Brings information from the DNA in the nucleus to the cell’s cytoplasm

5. 3 Types of RNA Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Clamps onto mRNA to assemble amino acids in correct order

6. 3 Types of RNA Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Transfers amino acids to ribosomes to be assembled into proteins

7. Types of RNA

9. Steps in Protein Synthesis
1. DNA sends out code
2. mRNA carries code to ribosome
3. tRNA pick up amino acids
4. tRNA carries amino acid to ribosome
5. force together to make protein

11. Transcription
Results in the formation of one single stranded RNA (Transcription DNA makes RNA)

13. Codon
Each set of three nitrogen bases in mRNA representing an amino acid is known as a codon.

14. Nitrogen base order in mRNA determines the type and order of amino acids in a protein. 64 possibilities