Prefix System of Nomenclature Molecular Compounds Covalent bonding Formula represents the number of atoms of each element in a single molecule Prefix System of Nomenclature Prefix Number Prefix Number mono- 1 hexa- 6 di- 2 hepta- 7 tri- 3 octa- 8 tetra- 4 nona- 9 penta- 5 deca- 10 Episode 602

Examples dinitrogen monoxide Tetraphosphorus decoxide carbon dioxide carbon monoxide N O 2 P O 4 10 C O 2 C O Episode 602

Organic Compounds Any covalently bonded compound containing carbon, with the exception of carbonate, bicarbonate, and oxides http://www.npr.org/2007/05/01/9943298/episode-1-its-all-about-carbon?ps=rs http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=11027169&ps=rs Episode 602

Hydrocarbons Composed of only carbon and hydrogen Saturated contain only single bonds ( ) Unsaturated contain double ( ) and triple ( ) carbon-carbon bonds Very reactive because of double and triple bonds ALKANE ALKENE ALKYNE http://www.npr.org/2007/06/25/11366031/break-a-carbon-bond-and-presto-civilization?ps=rs Episode 602

Organic Nomenclature Formula Alkane CnH2n+2 CH4 methane meth- 1 hex- 6 Prefix Number of C atoms (n) Prefix Number of C atoms (n) meth- 1 hex- 6 eth- 2 hept- 7 prop- 3 oct- 8 but- 4 non- 9 pent- 5 dec- 10 CH4 methane Formula Alkane CnH2n+2 Episode 602

H C C H C H Formula Alkene CnH2n Examples: 3 8 9 20 Example: 4 8 propane nonane CnH2n+2 H C C H 3 8 9 20 Formula Alkene CnH2n Example: butene C H 4 8 http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=11662978&ps=rs Episode 602

C H Formula Alkyne CnH2n-2 Example: 2 2 ethyne http://www.npr.org/2007/07/19/12099564/what-we-can-do-about-global-warming?ps=rs Episode 602