1. Alkanes

2. Alkanes
Hydrocarbons containing only single covalent bonds

3. Alkanes
All hydrocarbons with no multiple bonds end with the suffix -ane
Prefix: Alk- any length carbon chain

4. Organic Prefixes 1 = meth- 6 = hex- 2 = eth- 7 = hept-
3 = prop- 8 = oct-
4 = but- 9 = non-
5 = pent- 10 = dec-

5. 1-Carbon Alkane
Methane
CH4

6. 2-Carbon Alkane
Ethane
C2H6
H3C-CH3

7. 3-Carbon Alkane
Propane
C3H8
H3C-CH2-CH3

8. 4-Carbon Alkane
Butane
C4H10
H3C-CH2-CH2-CH3
H3C-(CH2)2-CH3

9. 5-Carbon Alkane
Pentane
C5H12
H3C-(CH2)3-CH3

10. 6-Carbon Alkane
Hexane
C6H14
H3C-(CH2)4-CH3

11. 7-Carbon Alkane
Heptane
C7H16
H3C-(CH2)5-CH3

12. 8-Carbon Alkane
Octane
C8H18
H3C-(CH2)6-CH3

13. 9-Carbon Alkane
Nonane
C9H20
H3C-(CH2)7-CH3

14. 10-Carbon Alkane
Decane
C10H22
H3C-(CH2)8-CH3

15. Drill
Name & give the molecular formula for alkanes with 1, 2, 3, 4, & 5 carbons

16. Alkane Chemical Formula
CnH2n+2

17. Name each of the following: C5H12 C3H8 C8H18

18. Saturated Hydrocarbon
A hydrocarbon with the maximum number of hydrogens possible

19. All Pure Non-cyclic Alkanes
Are saturated hydrocarbons

20. Carbon Chains Any group of atoms connected in a row is called a chain
Any continuous chain hydrocarbon is called a carbon chain

21. Draw & name a 4 carbon chain

22. Formula Writing
Molecular Formula
C4H10

23. Condensed structural formula, C-C & C-H bonds understood
Formula Writing
Condensed structural formula, C-C & C-H bonds understood
CH3CH2CH2CH3

24. Condensed structural formula, only C-H bonds understood
Formula Writing
Condensed structural formula, only C-H bonds understood
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3

25. Condensed structural formula, bonds understood & repeats in ()
Formula Writing
Condensed structural formula, bonds understood & repeats in ()
CH3(CH2)2CH3

26. Carbon skeleton, C-H bonds omitted
Formula Writing
Carbon skeleton, C-H bonds omitted
C-C-C-C

27. Complete structural formula
Formula Writing
Complete structural formula
H H H H
H C C C C H

28. Stick or minimal Structures

29. Stick Structures Line ends & joints represent carbons
Hydrogens understood
Others draw

30. In 2 dimensions we draw bond s as 90o
Alkane Shapes
In 2 dimensions we draw bond s as 90o
The true bond s are 109.5o
Tetrahedral in shape

31. Draw the following Propane octane hexane pentane butane methane
heptane ethane

32. Name the compound on the board

33. Draw the following
5-butyl-3-ethyl-4-cyclohexyl-,2,2-dimethyl-6-propylnonane

34. Name the following