Camera Techniques

Camera-to-Subject Distances Long Shot --------------------------- Subject Medium Shot ---------------------- Subject Close-up ----------------------------- Subject Extreme Close-up ----------------- Subject

Camera-to-Subject Angles High Angle SUBJECT Eye Level Low Angle

SUBJECT Camera Movements Subject moves within the frame Camera moves on a fixed base: PAN Horizontal, from left or right, or right to left TILT Vertical, up and down ZOOM From far to near

SUBJECT Camera Movements Cinematographer holds the camera Camera moves is mounted on a mobile platform DOLLY On wheels TRACK On rails CRANE On boom or arm

Cinematic POV Objective POV Subjective POV Point of View (POV) How the camera—and therefore the audience—sees the action. Objective POV The audience is an outsider, observing the action. Subjective POV The audience is an insider, participating in the action