Where do people migrate within a country? Key Issue 2 Where do people migrate within a country?

Interregional Migration United States shifting population center Population center- is the average location of everyone in the country 1790- Chesapeake Bay (east of Baltimore) 2000- Missouri What has caused this move?

Changing Center of Population 1790: Hugging the Coast Colonial-era Tied to coast with links to Europe 1800-1840: Crossing the Appalachians Erie Canal b/n New York and Great Lakes Large amounts of land equaled low price 1850-1890: Rushing to the Gold Skipped mid-west b/c of dry climate and potential gold in Cali “Great American Desert” labeled the Great Plains

1900-1940: Filling the Great Plains Westward slowed as population backtracked Advances in technology allowed land to be cultivated Barbed wire, steel plow, water pump, wind mill 1950-2010: Moving South Job opportunities and warmer climate Interregional antagonism with the NE Rustbelt vs. Sunbelt

U.S. Interregional Migration, 1995

Migration b/n Regions in world’s largest Country Russia is very resource rich Population centers did not match location of resources and jobs at construction sites were not filled Soviet gov’t had to stimulate interregional migration Siberia- fossil fuels, minerals, and forests Higher wages, more paid holidays, earlier retirement to induce voluntary migration Far North climate to harsh and most migrants did not stay

Brasilia, Brazil Brasilia was created as Brazil’s new capital in 1960 and since then has attracted thousands of migrants in search of jobs.

Other Countries Brazil Encouraged interregional migration by moving capital from Rio to Brasilia Migration was forced and worked slowly Recently thousands have migrated to Brasilia in search for jobs

Interregional Migration other countries Canada From East to West 1900’s looking for gold China Rural to Urban In search for jobs Gov’t restrictions recently lifted

Intraregional Migration Intraregional migration- moving within the same region Far more common than interregional migration 3 major types of intraregional migration Rural to Urban Urban to Suburban Metropolitan to Nonmetropolitan

Rural to Urban Areas Began in the 1800’s during the Industrial Revolution in U.S. and Europe 1800- 5% of U.S. considered urban 1920- 50% Today 75+% Pushed by declining agriculture Pulled by economic opportunities Service industries and factory jobs

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Urban to Suburban Popular in MDC’s Pulled by suburban lifestyle (NOT Jobs) Detached house Private yard Garage/driveway Better schools Enabled by automobiles, trains, etc.

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Urban to rural areas? Counterurbanization- net migration from urban to rural areas More of lifestyle choice (luxury of quiet life) Modern communications and transportation make this possible (globalization) Slowed during recession b/c of bank loans and no home buyers

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