English Colonies: North and Mid-Atlantic Unit 1: Pre-colonial and Colonial America to 1750

Puritanism Born of the Protestant Reformation Calvinism and predestination Signs of conversion Seekers of purification of English Christianity Separatists disagreed about who should be admitted to the Church of England Mayflower carried Separatists from Holland, bound for Jamestown

Objectives Examine the English colonies of the North and Mid-Atlantic Explore Puritanism Compare and contrast the English colonial experience

Mayflower Compact Pilgrims landed at Plymouth Agreement to form a government and to submit to the will of the majority Eventually, adult males met in town meeting to make their own laws Other settlements along Massachusetts Bay – cod and god

Massachusetts Bay Colony 1629 non Separatist Puritans received royal charter to form Massachusetts Bay Colony with Boston as its hub Largest settlement Common purpose Fairly prosperous settlers

Great English Migration

Life in the Bay colony All freemen could vote (all male members of the Congregational Church) Local (town) governments were more inclusive Yet, not a democracy. Designed to enforce god’s laws Religious leaders determined who was admitted to the Church Clergy could not hold political office Protestant ethic

Dissention in the Bay Colony Quakers disagreed with power of the Puritan clergy Anne Hutchison and antinomianism Roger Williams, minister from Salem Extreme separatist, challenged colony’s charter, and denied authority of the civil government to regulate religious behavior

Rhode Island Roger Williams fled to Rhode Island and established the first Baptist church Complete freedom of religion Exercised simple manhood suffrage Other settlements on Rhode Island housed outcasts, exiles and malcontents

Colonial New England Settlements developed throughout New England Fundamental Orders of a Connecticut River colony was a modern constitution

Interaction with the Natives Natives had been decimated by disease and were weak At first, friendship and cultural exchange Colonial growth led to conflict Pequot War Attempts at conversion Intertribal unity King Phillip’s War

Colonial Unity 1643 – Formation of the New England Confederation Defense against Natives, French and the Dutch Manage inter-colonial problems Puritan England largely ignored colonies during its Civil War Charles II reasserted control

Dominion of New England 1684 – Bay Colony had its charter revoked 1686 – Dominion of New England created by royal authority Navigation Laws Dominion fell apart following the Glorious (Bloodless) Revolution in England Saluatory neglect – weak enforcement of the Navigation Laws

Middle Colonies New York, New Jersey, Delaware and Pennsylvania Fertile soil, reliance on rivers Lumber, ship building Middle ground between the South and New England Ethnic diversity, religious tolerance, democratic control