Perspectives vs. Fields

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Presentation transcript:

Perspectives vs. Fields Foundation for psych/AP Psych

Schools of Psychology- Perspectives Behavioral Psychodynamic/Psychoanalysis Cognitive Biological Humanism Structuralism Functionalism Eclectic Socio-cultural Gestalt

Schools of Psychology Structuralism- our experiences can be broken down into simplest parts—sensations/feelings. Wilhelm Wundt (founder of Psych.) 1st school of thought No longer exists Functionalism- how our behaviors allow us to function in society. James- first American psychologist

Schools of Psychology Psychoanalytical/Psychodynamic- our behavior is guided by hidden motives, unconscious desires. Freud– NOT the founder, develops therapy where people lay on a couch and talk freely about whatever comes to mind, Free Association. Jung, Adler, Horney

Schools of Psychology Behaviorism- looks at only observable behaviors and believes in environmental causes for them. Pavlov, Classical Conditioning Watson Skinner, Operant Conditioning Gestalt- looks at the whole behavior or experience to give meaning to the parts.

Schools of Psychology Humanistic- believes in the importance of human connections and self awareness, free will. Very touchy-feely. Maslow, hierarchy of needs Roger Biological- believes that behaviors are linked to a biological cause. Solutions are often drug therapies.

Schools of Psychology Cognitive- behaviors are linked to the way that we think and process information. Mental illness is caused by illogical thinking. Also looks at development. Piaget- children’s development (AP) Sociocultural- behaviors are because of group influences and cultural lessons. Evolutionary- survival of the fittest causes our behaviors and traits.

Schools of Psychology Eclectic- Combination of all of the perspectives. We behave the way we do because of our biology, the way we think, our environment…

Fields of Psych.- Foundation for this course! 1. DEVELOPMENTAL – Studying our changing abilities from womb to tomb 2. BIOLOGICAL – Exploring the links between brain and mind 3. EXPERIMENTAL – -Sensation & perception, memory, motivation, and emotion -Not only field where experiments are done

Fields of Psych. Cont. 4. PERSONALITY – Differences among people in a variety of inner traits 5. CLINICAL – Studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders 6. COUNSELING – Everyday adjustment problems

Fields of Psych. Cont. 7. SOCIAL – How we view and affect one another 8. INDUSTRIAL/ORGANIZATIONAL- Study and advise on behavior in the workplace 9. COGNITIVE – Experimenting with how we perceive, think, and solve problems.

Psychologist – advanced degree in psychology Other Fields Educational and School Psychology Forensic Psychology Positive Psychology Psychologist – advanced degree in psychology Psychiatrist – MD and residency in psychiatry