Review vocabulary and concepts Biodiversity unit

Viruses What are they? Genetic material (DNA/RNA) surrounded by a protein coat Give 2 reasons why they could be considered alive Can replicate when they are in a living organism Have DNA or RNA

Viruses Give 2 reasons why they could be considered nonliving No cell structures Can’t carry on life processes without a host organism Can’t move, grow or feed

archaea Characteristics? Prokaryotes (do not have a nucleus) Single celled Reproduce asexually Live in extreme places (Extremophiles)

Bacteria Characteristics? Prokaryotes (do not have a nucleus) Single celled Reproduce asexually Live almost everywhere

bacteria What is an antibiotic? A medicine used to kill bacteria inside our bodies Some antibiotics are made by bacteria to kill other bacteria

bacteria What is an aerobe? What is an anaerobe? An organism that needs oxygen to live What is an anaerobe? An organism that does not need oxygen to live

bacteria What are some types of food/beverages that bacteria are used to make? Yogurt, sour cream and some cheeses Vinegar, soy sauce Pickles, sauerkraut, kim chi

Bacteria What are some diseases or problems that bacteria cause in humans? Tuberculosis, pneumonia Strep throat, ear infections Food poisoning by Salmonella, E.coli, and botulism Tooth decay, acne

Archea & Bacteria What is binary fission? A type of asexual reproduction A parent cell doubles its DNA and then pinches off into 2 identical cells

Kingdom: protists Characteristics? Eukaryotes Mostly single celled Some have a cell wall Some have chloroplasts Some can move Asexual reproduction (but some can do both) Ex. Amoeba, Paramecium, Euglena, Slime molds

Kingdom: protists Why is the protist kingdom sometimes called the “junk” kingdom? The protist kingdom includes organisms that share some characteristics with plants, animals and fungi but that are simpler or single-celled.

Kingdom: Fungi Characteristics? Eukaryotes Mostly multicellular Some have a cell wall Do not have chloroplasts Can’t move Both asexual and sexual reproduction Ex. Molds, mildews, mushrooms, yeast, lichen

FUngi What are hyphae? What are spores? Cells connected in long tubes They are threadlike What are spores? Small, circular cells that will become new fungi if they land on a suitable food source

FUngi How do fungi get their food? What is a decomposer? They ooze digestive enzymes which break down food into smaller molecules which are then absorbed by the hyphae What is a decomposer? An organism that breaks down dead tissue

FUngi What energy process do yeast do? Fermentation What is the equation for this process? Sugar  CO2 + Alcohol + 2ATP

Kingdom: Plants Characteristics? Eukaryotes Multicellular Have a cell wall and chloroplasts Can’t move Most do sexual reproduction, but some can do asexual reproduction too Ex. Mosses, ferns, grasses, trees, daffodils

Plants What energy process do plants do to make their food? Photosynthesis What is the equation for this process? 6CO2 + 6H2O + light  6O2 + C6H12O6

Kingdom: animals Characteristics? Eukaryotes Multicellular Do not have a cell wall or chloroplasts Can move (at some point in life cycle) Most do sexual reproduction, but some can do asexual reproduction too Ex. Sponges, clams, crabs, bees, sea stars, dogs, snakes

C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O+Energy(ATP) animals What energy process do animals and plants do to release energy from their food? Respiration What is the equation for this process?  C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O+Energy(ATP)