Chapter 5 States of Consciousness A.P. Psychology

Sleep and Dreams Sleep Biological Rhythms and Sleep Circadian Rhythms Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

Why We NEED Sleep Adaptive Theory Conserve Energy Restoration Theory Brain Plasticity

Importance of Sleep By Age Newborns Infants Toddlers Preschool School Age Teenagers Adults

Sleep Deprivation Stress Decision Making Fatal Familial Insomnia Microsleeps

Stages of Sleep and Wakefulness Stage W Wakefulness Beta Waves Relaxation

Sleep Stages Stage N1: Lightest Sleep Brain waves slow - Transition Alpha to theta Transition 5-10 minutes If they wake Vivid imagery Hypnogogic images Myoclonic Jerks

Sleep Stages Stage N2: About 20 minutes Muscle activity decreases Theta Waves continue Sleep spindles Body temperature decreases Heart rate slows

Sleep Stages Stage N3: Deep, Slow brain waves – Delta waves Transition Stage where bed wetting, sleep talking, sleep walking occur Growth hormone released Slowest delta waves Deep sleep Approximately 30 minutes

Sleep Stages Stage 5: 90 minutes into sleep Increase respiration Increase heart rate Blood pressure rises Brain waves increase REM Muscles

Sleep Stages 4-6 cycles a night REM sleep

Sleep Throughout the Lifespan Infants Adolescents College Students

Sleeping Disorders Sleep and Disease Insomnia Sleep Walking Sleep Talking Sleep Eating REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Nightmares Night Terrors Narcolepsy Sleep Apnea

Dreams Psychodynamic Approach Dreams as meaningful events Sigmund Freud - wish fulfillment - day residue 2 types of Content 1. Manifest Content 2. Latent Content

Dreams Cognitive Theory of Dreaming - subconscious cognitive process - involve information processing - dramatization - default network

Dreams Activation Synthesis Theory - cerebral cortex synthesizes neural signals - random activity - external stimuli vs internal stimuli - levels of neurotransmitters

Dreams Problem Solving / Mood Regulation - opportunity - reflection - effect - creativity

Dreams Boys (Freud) Boys and girls Women Men Cultural Ghana US Mexico

Hypnosis Hypnosis – altered state of consciousness or a psychological state of altered attention and expectation in which the subject is usually receptive to suggestion. 4 steps 1. Minimize distractions 2. Concentration 3. Set Expectation 4. Suggest Events Hypnotizability 2 Theories 1. Divided Consciousness 2. Social Cognitive Behavior 4 Specific Uses 1. Anesthesia 2. Sensory Distortion and Hallucination 3. Dinihibition 4. Posthypnotic Suggestion and Amnesia

Meditation 2 shared traits 1. focused attention 2. open monitoring Mindfulness Meditation Lovingkindness Meditation

Review

Physical or psychological dependence on a drug is called this… Apnea Addiction REM Rebound Myoclonic Jerks Metacognition Subconscious Awareness

Which of the following is a reason why we need sleep? A method to protect our bodies from attackers. It conserves our energy Sleep is restorative Sleep aids brain plasticity All of the above

Place where sleep spindles occur that clearly define which stage of sleep you have entered. Stage W Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 REM Sleep

Things that go on in the daytime, end up in my dreams. Latent Content REM Rebound Sleep Spindles Manifest Content Day Residue Stimulant

Chemicals that are released during sleep to fight infection Neurotransmitters Dopamine Default network Barbiturates Cytokines

Often called the date rape drug, users tend to feel warm bonds with others around them. Nicotine Amphetamines Cocaine LSD Marijuana Ecstasy

When your muscles are immobilized during REM sleep. Sleep Spindles Cataplexy Somnambulism REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Sleep Paralysis

The inability to fall asleep, stay asleep, or wake up early and can not get back to sleep. Sleep Apnea Narcolepsy REM Rebound REM Behavior Disorder Sleep Paralysis Insomnia

A strong desire to repeat the use of a drug for emotional reasons. Physical Dependence Psychological Dependence Tolerance Reticular Activating System Sensory Deprivation

This is the ability to focus on one thing in front of you while many things may be going on around you. Executive function Somniloguy Incubation Automatic processing Reticular Activating System

During the sleep, the windpipe fails to open and breathing is stopped. Nightmare Sleep Apnea Narcolepsy Sleep Talking Night Terror Cataplexy

Psychoactive drugs that slow down the mental and physical activity. Stimulant Activation Synthesis Hallucinogen Microsleep Depressant

The manifest content of dreams is The dream’s hidden meaning The dreams listing of characters in it. The ability for dreams to help you solve your problems. The dream’s plot line. The part of the dream where President Trump’s advisor shows up and instructs you on how to win the election. The dream’s dramatization of general life concerns.

This is an extreme case of sleep loss over time This is an extreme case of sleep loss over time. Can lead to hallucinations, confusion, and even death. Myoclonic jerks Desynchronizing effect Hallucinogenic sleep Fatal familial insomnia Somnambulism

Stage of sleep where human growth hormone is produced. Stage W Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 REM Sleep

Which of these factors does not affect the way alcohol affects your body? Body weight Amount consumed Age of the individual Differences in how the body metabolizes alcohol Presence or absence of tolerance Differences in body fat

I don’t know what I am going to cook for dinner I don’t know what I am going to cook for dinner. I think about it all day, and then on the drive home it pops into my head, yes, I will make chili tonight. Executive function Somniloguy Incubation Automatic processing Reticular Activating System

Which of these is not a type of consciousness? Sensory Awareness Direct Inner Awareness Metacognitive Awareness Consciousness as a Sense of Self

Which of these does the circadian rhythm not regulate? Body temperature Blood pressure REM sleep Sugar level Sleep fullness/ awake state

Which of these is not a successful method of overcoming alcoholism? Strong negative experience Substitute dependency Developing a new positive relationship Joining Alcoholics anonymous Psychoanalysis

The collection of neurons that is present both when you daydream while awake and when you are dreaming while asleep. Amygdala Default Network Cerebral Cortex Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Sonambulistic Network

The theory that states that random bursts of energy occur during sleep and our brain tries to deal with the stimulation by attempting to make sense of it. Psychodynamic Approach Cognitive Theory of Dreams Activation Synthesis Theory Problem Solving and Mood regulation Theory Consciousness as a Sense of Self

Sudden arousal from sleep with a deep fear, they have no idea what the dream was about. Nightmare Sleep Apnea Narcolepsy Sleep Talking Night Terror Cataplexy

Stage of sleep where bed wetting and sleep talking occur. Stage W Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 REM Sleep

Powerful painkillers that depress the nervous system activity are called…. Barbiturates Tranquilizers Nicotine Amphetamines Opiates

This is the small brain structure that uses input from retina to synchronize our circadian rhythms. Adaptive Theory Sensory Awareness Selective Attention Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Reticular Activating System

The collection plate is passed at church The collection plate is passed at church. The drive that says to you “reach in there and grab some bills for yourself, you need some money.” Executive Function Somniloguy Incubation Automatic Processing Reticular Activating System Unconscious Thought