Section 2 Challenges of Urbanization Chapter 7 Section 2 Challenges of Urbanization

Urbanization – growth of cities Urban Opportunities Urbanization – growth of cities Why did most immigrants move to the cities? Cheap, available apartments Unskilled labor opportunities Americanization Movement – assimilate immigrants into dominant native culture Schools and voluntary associations teach – English literacy American history and government Cooking, etiquette From Country to City Fewer laborers needed due to technology Over 200,000 African-Americans move North To escape poverty, discrimination However, they faced many of the same issues in North

Mass transit water tenements Urban Problems sanitation fire crime

Settlement House Movement Social Gospel Movement – preached salvation through service to the poor Settlement Houses – community centers in slum neighborhoods that provided assistance to mostly immigrants Run by middle class, educated women English, health, art Jane Addams founded Hull House in Chicago in 1889

Jacob Riis – How the Other Half Lives