Nervous System Disorders and Homeostatic Imbalances

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Nervous System Disorders and Homeostatic Imbalances

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) Chronic, organic, mental disorder, due to atrophy of neurons of the frontal and occipital lobes FYI: Fourth leading cause of brain death among the elderly FYI: AD patients usually die from complications due to being bedridden

Alsheimer’s disease

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Aka as Lou Gehrig’s Disease marked by muscular weakness and atrophy due to degeneration of the motor neurons of the spinal cord, medulla, and cortex No known cure

Bacterial Meningitis Infection of the meninges by the bacteria Usually affects children under age 5 Symptoms include severe headaches and fever Can lead to brain damage and even death if not treated

Cerebral Palsy (CP) A group of motor disorders due to loss of muscle control Caused by damage to the motor areas of the brain during fetal development, birth, or infancy symptoms are irreversible

Epilepsy Short, recurrent, periodic, attacks of motor, sensory, or psychological malfunction Characterized by seizures Involuntary skeletal muscle contraction, loss of muscle control, inability to sense light, noise, and smell, and loss of consciousness Cause is unknown

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) progressive destruction of myelin sheaths The sheaths deteriorates to scleroses hardened scars or plaques “short circuits” nerve transmission type of autoimmune disease No known cure Progressive loss of function with intermittent periods of remission

Parkinson’s Disease (PD) Cause is unknown. Develops as cells are destroyed in certain parts of the brain stem.

Parkinson’s Disease (PD) Symptoms include muscle tremor, muscle rigidity, bradykinesia, hypokinesia or dyskinesia, speech and walking impairment

Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA) - Stroke most common brain disorder Characterized by slurred speech, loss of or blurred vision, dizziness, weakness, paralysis of a limb or hemiplegia, coma, and death

Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA) - Stroke Ischemic CVA - due to lack of blood supply to a particular area of the brain Hemorrhagic CVA - due to the rupture of a blood vessel in the brain

Risk Factors for Stroke hypertension heart disease smoking diabetes atherosclerosis hyperlipidemia obesity excessive alcohol intake

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