X-Ray Transport, Optics, and Diagnostics WBS 1. 3. 1 Alan J X-Ray Transport, Optics, and Diagnostics WBS 1.3.1 Alan J. Wootton, LLNL April 23, 2002 Systems Descriptions Major Technical Challenges ES&H Issues Cost estimates Construction Schedules Project Engineering Design Strategy LCLS DOE Review, April 23, 2002 Alan J. Wootton

System Descriptions: objectives, organization and requirements To transport the photon beam to diagnostics and optics stations To provide the diagnostics necessary to characterize the photon beam To provide the optics necessary to demonstrate the capability to process the photon beam Organization An LCLS working group, with additional input from others, held bi-weekly meetings Requirements Originally distilled by the working group from the ‘first experiments’ publication, and presentations Generalized via discussions with J. Galayda and J. Hastings LCLS DOE Review, April 23, 2002 Alan J. Wootton

We utilize the Front End Enclosure (FEE), two halls (A and B) with hutches, and a tunnel Hall B experiences a reduced fluence, by ~20, allowing many standard solutions to be used. Hall A is for elements and instruments that depend on close proximity to the undulator.These include: planar take-off mirrors (to reduce the facet) refractive lenses and future compressor optics (efficiency-limited by aperture) multilayer-based transmission gratings (quality and efficiency limited by aperture) An additional use for Hall A is to characterize or use the spontaneous synchrotron radiation (SR ) Hall A Hall B Mirror, diag tank, monitors Exp & optics tank (KB, zone) Commdiags, exp tank slits/collimators, 2xdiag tank, monitors, attenuators, masks Mono-chromator, split/delay Exp tank Front End Enclosure Tunnel Mirror, diag tank Beam direction LCLS DOE Review, April 23, 2002 Alan J. Wootton

Layouts are available Hall A Hall B Front End Enclosure LCLS DOE Review, April 23, 2002 Alan J. Wootton

The components are organized by function LCLS DOE Review, April 23, 2002 Alan J. Wootton

There are major technical challenges General Extreme fluences maintaining optics for more than 1 pulse Extremely small temporal and spatial characteristics maintaining coherence during beam transport and manipulation high resolution diagnostics Parameters may vary pulse-to-pulse – need data on every pulse Windowless operation required at 0.8 keV Focusing, imaging, data acquisition, spectroscopy, etc. push state-of-the-art To deal with the fluences, the following strategies are adopted a far field experimental hall to reduce energy densities by natural divergence a gas absorption cell and solid attenuator, to attenuate by up to 104 low-Z optics that are damaged least grazing incidence optics that increase the optical footprint and reflect most incident power LCLS DOE Review, April 23, 2002 Alan J. Wootton

The fluence provides the primary challenge FEE Hall A Hall B In Hall A, low-Z materials will accept even normal incidence. The fluences in Hall B are sufficiently low for standard optical solutions. Even in the Front End Enclosure (FEE), low Z materials may be possible at normal incidence above ~4 keV, and at all energies with grazing incidence. In the FEE, gas is required for attenuation at < 4 keV LCLS DOE Review, April 23, 2002 Alan J. Wootton

Operation below the critical angle reduces the absorbed fluence The multiplicative factor on the tolerable fluence as a function of grazing incidence angle, for a plane Si surface irradiated by 800 and 8000 eV photons. For 800 eV the results are shown with and without a correction for photo-electron penetration. LCLS DOE Review, April 23, 2002 Alan J. Wootton

Specific technical challenges have been identified The windowless gas attenuator and ion chambers Low-cost, high-resolution, high rep rate, non-invasive imaging systems Survivable slits Pulse length measurement and synchronization Gas attenuator schematic Gas attenuator location attenuator LCLS DOE Review, April 23, 2002 Alan J. Wootton

Specific ES&H issues are identified, and are subject to SLAC safety management Earthquake Applies to beam-lines, tanks, stands, … High pressure gas Applies to gas attenuator and ion chamber systems Hazardous Materials Includes Be windows, coatings, blocks in valves, mirrors, and optics. Also includes some Li in the optics Machining and/or processing of these materials will be done at qualified off-site facilities. Periodic monitoring, such as “swiping” for Be, may be indicated in certain areas Engineering Safety Notes will be developed for each item LCLS DOE Review, April 23, 2002 Alan J. Wootton

Additional ES&H Issues are dealt with under other wbs elements House keeping Particle radiation (neutrons, muons, ..) Direct photon radiation Subsidiary lasers Use of forklifts and cranes LCLS DOE Review, April 23, 2002 Alan J. Wootton

1.3.1 X-Ray Transport/Optics/Diagnostics(FY02 Dollars, Thousands) Name PED Cost Construction Contingency Total % contingency 1.3.1 X-ray TOD $ 7,644 $ 14,347 $ 4,657 $ 26,649 21% 1.3.1.1 PED $ 1,599 $ 9,243 1.3.1.2 Mechanical $ 2,522 $ 465 $ 2,987 18% 1.3.1.3 Facility Optical Systems $ 3,740 $ 740 $ 4,481 20% 1.3.1.4 End Station Optical Systems $ 1,336 $ 296 $ 1,632 22% 1.3.1.5 Crystals and Gratings $ 249 $ 64 $ 313 26% 1.3.1.6 Diagnostics $ 6,500 $ 1,492 $ 7,993 23% LCLS DOE Review, April 23, 2002 Alan J. Wootton

A schedule is proposed k$, FY02 Totals FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07 Hall B occupancy Hall A occupancy FEE occupancy k$, FY02 FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07 Totals LCLS DOE Review, April 23, 2002 Alan J. Wootton

The Preliminary Engineering Design (PED) is proposed FY03 Diagnostics Modeling and simulation of beam characteristics and backgrounds at detector positions. Facility Optical Systems Start of preliminary design of FFTB items Mechanical and Vacuum FY04 Simulations of individual detector performance Preliminary design of all detectors complete Preliminary design and safety notes for FFTB items complete Preliminary design and safety notes complete $800k $1800k LCLS DOE Review, April 23, 2002 Alan J. Wootton

Deliverables for CD2 (Jan 2003) are proposed (4 months work) Preliminary design of a subset of the priority 1 components in the front end enclosure Beam stop and burn through monitor Slits / collimators Diagnostic tank Gas detector Gas attenuator, solid attenuator Fixed mask Fast close valve Pumps Isolation valve Beam direction LCLS DOE Review, April 23, 2002 Alan J. Wootton

Summary The X-ray transport, optics and diagnostics plan for LCLS has been developed. It consists of : Diagnostics Facility Optical Systems End Station Optics Crystals and Gratings Mechanical and Vacuum The total cost is $26.6 M The initial PED required is $0.8 M in FY03 and $1.8 M in FY04 The components can be delivered to meet the LCLS schedule; initial effort will be on items in the Front End Enclosure LCLS DOE Review, April 23, 2002 Alan J. Wootton