17-4 LEGACY OF THE WAR

Main Idea The Civil War brought great changes and new challenges to the United States. Why It Matters Now The most important change was the liberation of 4 million enslaved persons.

What was the social, economic, and political legacy of the Civil War? SOCIETY POLITICS ECONOMY • death and injury • cost of war • government expansion • disruption of lives • Northern industrialization • Thirteenth Amendment • freeing of slaves • Southern labor system destroyed

• What were some of the human costs of the Civil War? • What did the Thirteenth Amendment achieve? • What was the state of the Southern economy after the Civil War?

• What were some of the human costs of the Civil War? Approximately 620,000 casualties and many lives were disrupted. • What did the Thirteenth Amendment achieve? It banned slavery in the United States • What was the state of the Southern economy after the Civil War? Economic disaster; destroyed property; traditional labor system; slavery was abolished

Comparing and Contrasting NORTH SOUTH EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION WAR’S IMPACT NORTHERN VICTORIES IN BATTLE UNION WINS CIVIL WAR Many people are enthusiastic; Democrats are angered Most whites are enraged; blacks are elated Mild inflation; new possibilities for women Severe inflation; new possibilities for women Union confidence rises; Lincoln wins second term Confederate morale sinks; bid for European recognition is lost Industrial expansion Enslaved persons liberated; widespread economic devastation Back to Home

Review Civil War in 4 minutes! 7

Lincoln wanted to heal the nation and make it whole again Civil War was by far the deadliest in American history (still is today)

TOTAL DEAD 620,000 Union dead 360,000 Confederate dead 260,000 In addition – 270,000 Union soldiers and 260,000 Confederate soldiers were wounded Impact

Almost 10% of the population served in the war – a total of 3 million men (if same % of the population served today we would have an army of 25 million men)

War had high economic cost for both sides Impact War had high economic cost for both sides Combined the North and South had spent 5 times what the government had spent in the previous 80 years

War cost in 1865: $6,000,000,000 6 Billion dollars War cost in 2005: $7,206,660,841,845 7 Trillion dollars Today that would be $24,000 per United States citizen Impact

Impact Impact on Southern Economy…. 1) Crops had decreased as more farmers were drafted into the army. 2) This caused major food shortage and increased prices for crops. Furthermore… 3) On southern farms and plantations the land was destroyed from fighting. Impact

Impact Impact on the North 1) Northern farms were important for aiding the war effort because they were still able to feed their people. When southern farms were destroyed they had less food to feed soliders. Impact

Millions of slaves were freed as a result of the war 13th AMENDMENT was passed in 1865 to officially end slavery and make it illegal in the United States

Lincoln is assassinated watching a play at Ford’s Theater, 5 days after the surrender

LINCOLN’S ASSASSINATION Video Clip

GUN USED IN LINCOLN’S ASSASSINATION

FORD’S THEATER

FORD’S THEATER

JOHN WILKES BOOTH assassinated President Lincoln and at the first escaped but was later caught

Lincoln was the first United States president to be assassinated The nation was in a state of shock

The size of the government grew after the war Industry begins to replace agriculture as the nation’s major economic activity

South is badly damaged – lost nearly 40% of livestock and 50% of farm machinery Railroad tracks gone, factories are destroyed

Before the war the South had 30% of the nation’s wealth – after the war only 12%

The END The Legacy of the Civil War Video clip