WATER Treatment & Quality Mrs. McAven 8th Grade Science Riverwood Middle School

Reminder: Water Quality Vocabulary Create a Quizlet SET Stewardship - Remote Sensing Ground truthing Environmental Protection Agency Water Treatment Plant Raw Water Intake Filtering/Screening Coagulation Flocculation Sedimentation Settling Basin Second Filtration Disinfecting Storage Distribution Pathogens - Toxins - Nitrates - Phosphates - pH - Turbidity - Bioindicators - organic - Phytoplankton - Algae - Photosynthesis - Respiration - Carbonic acid - Macroinvertebrates - Sustainability - Water quality – Potable (potability) - Safe Water Pollution Pesticides Human waste Industrial waste Chemical waste Stored chemical waste Smoke and exhaust Acid rain Run-off (Industrial, agricultural, road, residential) Point source (stressor) - Non-point source (stressor) -

REMINDER: Water Usage Collection Chart

Point source pollution & Non-point source pollution REVIEW

What is water pollution? Read the full article here to get an understanding for water pollution: http://www.waterencyclopedia.com/Po-Re/Pollution-Sources-Point-and-Nonpoint.html

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=axeeXLWQeNQ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E5SX0z64ht0#t=2.812145

Video…Let’s Think Flush To Finish 1. Where does the water go when it is first flushed down the toilet? 2. What is the use of gravity called in the water treatment process? 3. Why are the grit basins sloped towards the center? 4. What is the good bacteria referred to? 5. What two chemicals must be removed and monitored from the water? 6. What does coagulate mean? 7. What does effluent mean? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pRaptzcp9G4

Why we need to clean our water Let’s Start with some videos as a class. Waste Water: Where Does it Go? Purifying Human Waste Water Recycling Plan

How We clean our water: Now you’re on your own. Follow through the reading and activities in this powerpoint and fill in your notes.

Water Treatment Process http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9z14l51ISwg&list=PL44OxmUx6A8pCBZRvLEg_fLf7WlWvwKod&index=2

Step 1: Raw Water Intake and Screens Intake structure - delivers water to the water treatment plant Lake or Reservoir Stream or River Groundwater Screens – prevent trash, logs, or fish from entering the treatment plant

Step 2: Coagulation and Flocculation In coagulation, coagulants like lime and alum are added to the water, which causes particulates to clump together. Next, the water is shaken into larger clumps, called flocs.

Coagulation and Flocculation

Step 3: Sedimentation The sedimentation process requires that the water stand for 24 hours, which allows the clumps to settle to the bottom.

Settling Basin

Step 4: Second Filtration The water is then filtered, disinfected (usually with chlorine) and aerated. Aeration helps to remove certain contaminants like radon.

5: Disinfection Disinfection – process designed to kill or deactivate most microorganisms in water, including disease causing bacteria Types of disinfection: Physical Ultraviolet (UV) rays Heat Chemical Chlorine Ozone Fecal Coliforms Giardia lamblia

6: Storage and Distribution Storage – keeping water for later use Elevated tanks Ground storage tanks Distribution system – network of pipes and pump stations that transports finished water from the treatment plant to the user

Now Let’s draw the process Using a combination of the diagrams in the powerpoint and in your book, draw and label the drinking water treatment process. The diagrams can be found on pages 106 – 107 and 110 – 111 in your book.

Review Time Step 1: Watch - Fit to Drink Step 2: Complete Thirsten’s Questions - http://www.epa.gov/safewater/kids/flash/flash_qagame.html Step 3: Complete Thirsten’s Matching - http://www.epa.gov/safewater/kids/flash/flash_matching.html What can you do? Fun links: http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/freshwater/freshwater-resources/

EXTRAS http://www.wonderville.ca/asset/water-treatment http://kidsenvirohealth.nlm.nih.gov/generic/2/games