RIVALRY IN NORTH AMERICA TROUBLE ON THE FRONTIER CHAPTER 4 SECTION 4 RIVALRY IN NORTH AMERICA TROUBLE ON THE FRONTIER

COMPETING EMPIRES FRANCE AND ENGLAND CLAIMED LAND IN THE OHIO VALLEY. THESE CLAIMS WILL BRING THEM INTO CONFLICT. GEORGE WASHINGTON WAS SENT TO REMOVE THE FRENCH IN THE OHIO VALLEY. AND FORT DUQUESNE. THE FRENCH DEFEATED WASHINGTON AND HE SURRENDERED FORT NECESSITY.

ALBANY CONGRESS Colonial leaders call a meeting in Albany N.Y. to discuss the coming war with France Albany Plan of Union Proposed by Ben Franklin Said Colonies would elect a Council of Representative that would: Have authority over Western Lands and relations with Native Americans Have power to raise armies and collect taxes to pay expenses Franklin’s Plan of Union Passed the Albany Congress but failed in the colonial assemblies. The colonial assemblies wanted to control their own taxes and armies The Iroquois remained neutral- they thought the French would win the war.

THE TIDE TURNS IN FAVOR OF THE BRITISH William Pitt becomes the Prime Minister of England. Sends the best generals and a large army and navy to America. James Wolfe defeats the French at Quebec TREATY OF PARIS- 1763 FRANCE CEDED CANADA AND ALL LAND EAST OF THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER TO THE BRITISH SPAIN CEDED FLORIDA TO THE BRITISH SPAIN GETS NEW ORLEANS AND LAND WEST OF THE MISS. RIVER FROM FRANCE

NEW BRITISH POLICIES PONTIAC’S WAR BRITISH SETTLERS MOVE NO TO NATIVE AMERICAN LANDS. NATIVE AMERICANS SEE THIS AS A THEAT TO THEIR WAY OF LIFE PONTIAC’S WAR LED A REBELLION TO FORCE SETTLERS BACK ACROSS THE MOUNTIANS. He was defeated BUT King George III left 10,000 troops in America and published the PROCLAIMATION OF 1763 forbidding settlers to move west of the Appalachian Mountains THIS ANGERED AMERICAN SETTLERS- THEY FELT IT VIOLATED THEIR FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT

THESE NEW POLICIES WERE THE SEEDS OF REVOLUTION NEW BRITISH POLICIES THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR LEFT BRITIAN DEEP IN DEBT. TO PAY FOR THIS DEBT THE BRITISH BEGAN TO TAX THE COLONIST. THE COLONIST FELT THIS WAS AN VOILATION OF “ NO TAXATION WITH OUT REPRESENTATION”. THESE NEW POLICIES WERE THE SEEDS OF REVOLUTION

EARLY ENGLISH DEFEATS GENERAL EDWARD BRADDOCK SENT TO PUSH THE FRENCH OUT OF THE OHIO RIVER VALLEY He would not listen to colonial soldiers He didn’t know how to fight in North America He was defeated at Fort Duquesne English were defeated at fort Niagara 1755 Fort William Henry on lake George 1756 the British declared war on France- this is the beginning of the 7 Seven Years War In America it was called the French and Indian War