STUDY GUIDE Felipe Ortiz Bryanna Leal Lucas Carus

SUSPENSE Suspense is the quality of a literary work that make the reader or viewer not sure about the outcome of events. Suspense makes the reader ask "What will happen next?". Suspense is greatest when it focuses attention on a sympathetic character.

SUSPENSE This relates to why the most usual and common, kind of suspense is that which leads this character into the verge of a change in action, leaving the reader/viewer gasping for more. There is also the kind of suspense which is acted upon by a chain of events all leading to one conclusion which would then cause the audience to ask themselves What will happen Next?

AS SEEN IN This is very popularly seen in movies and novels used in many different occasions and in many different ways. This is seen in such popular movies as Buried, Inception, The Prestige, Shutter Island, and many more. Its also seen in such novels as The Girl Who Kicked the Hornets Nest, and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo.

MYSTERY VS. SUSPENSE Mystery and suspense are two particularly very different things that happen to be confused very often, but instead of explaining their differences, I thought that who better to do so than movie extraordinaire Alfred Hitchcock.

AN EXAMPLE OF SUSPENSE IN A THEATRICAL ASPECT

REFRAIN The word 'Refrain' derives from the Old French word refraindre meaning to repeat. Refrain Poetry Term is a phrase, line, or group of lines that is repeated throughout a poem, usually after each stanza. A famous example of a refrain are the words " Nothing More" and Nevermore which are repeated in The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe.

STEPHEN CRANE Born Nov. 1, 1871 Newark, N.J., U.S. Died June 5, 1900, Badenweiler, Baden, Ger. American novelist, poet, and short- story writer. Best known for his novels Maggie: A Girl of the Streets (1893) and The Red Badge of Courage (1895) and the short stories The Open Boat, The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky, and The Blue Hotel.

STEPHEN CRANE Crane spent less than two years at college and then went to New York City to live in a medical students' boardinghouse while freelancing his way to a literary career. While alternating bohemian student life and explorations of the Bowery slums with visits to genteel relatives in the country near Port Jervis, N.Y., Crane wrote his first book, Maggie: A Girl of the Streets (1893), a sympathetic study of an innocent and abused slum girl's descent into prostitution and her eventual suicide.

STEPHEN CRANE Prolific throughout his short life, he wrote notable works in the Realist tradition as well as early examples of American Naturalism and Impressionism. He is recognized by modern critics as one of the most innovative writers of his generation.

STEPHEN CRANE In 1896, Crane endured a highly publicized scandal after acting as witness for a suspected prostitute. Late that year he accepted an offer to cover the Spanish-American War as a war correspondent. These two small events were part influence for having written War is Kind and A Mystery of Heroism.

STEPHEN CRANE Plagued by financial difficulties and ill health, Crane died of tuberculosis in a Black Forest sanatorium at the age of 28. At the time of his death, Crane had become an important figure in American literature. He was nearly forgotten, however, until two decades later when critics revived interest in his life and work.

STEPHEN CRANE Stephen Crane's fiction is typically categorized as representative of Naturalism, Realism, Impressionism or a mixture of the three. Crane's work cannot be determined by style solely on chronology. Not only does his fiction not take place in any particular region with similar characters, but it varies from serious in tone to reportorial writing and light fiction. Crane's writing, both fiction and nonfiction, is consistently driven by immediacy and is at once concentrated, vivid and intense.

STEPHEN CRANE Crane ignored the romantic, sentimental approach of slum fiction and instead concentrated on the cruelness and sordidness of poverty, using the brashness of the Bowery's crude dialect and profanity.

A MYSTERY OF HEROISM A Mystery of Heroism is about Fred Collins whom is in the middle of a battle during a war, people are dying around him and the ground is being dug up by explosive shells when he says he wants a drink of water from a well in the middle of the battle field. The other man of the company mock him to go get a drink if he is so thirsty, and eventually he something in him decides he will get a drink from the well, and he takes off to get the water.

A MYSTERY OF HEROISM Character: Fred Collins - soldier that decides he will get a drink from a well in the middle of a battle field

A MYSTERY OF HEROISM The battle is in full force with the shells landing close to the infantry Collins says he is thirsty, wonders if there is water anywhere An officer remarks that "they couldn't shoot any harder if the whole army was massed here!"; An officer is shot on his horse in the middle of the battle field trying to get orders out to another commander Collins says he sees a well in the middle of the battle field and when asked how he will get there by his comrades he states he will if his comrades don't quit harassing him about it

A MYSTERY OF HEROISM The fellow soldiers do not stop giving Collins a hard time about getting the water so he goes and ask permission from his captain to go The captain gives Collins permission not knowing whether Collins wanted to really go or not Collins is told if he goes to bring some extra canteens Getting ready to go Collins does not feel any fear, Collins thinks this is what heroes feel like, but says he cannot be a hero because he has done things wrong in his life

A MYSTERY OF HEROISM Collins runs through the field and gets to the well, he begins to get scared when he fills the water into the canteens because it takes so long for them to fill up Collins sees a bucket and decides he will fill the bucket instead and then begins to run through the field back to the infantry

A MYSTERY OF HEROISM On the way back through the battle field Collins hears the fallen officer that is going to die ask for water, Collins says he cannot stop but after running by the officer Collins turns around and gives the man a drink Upon returning to the infantry he gives the bucket of water to the comrades who drop it on the ground

A MYSTERY OF HEROISM The well is in the middle of a battlefield with artillery shells exploding all around it Collins decides to go for the water because his comrades keep saying he would not get it; Collins is upset though because "he was an intruder in the land of fine deeds" ; heroes were not supposed to have any "shames" in there life Collins first denies the soldier out of fear for his own life, then turns around after the officers head "sinks" down; the officers death is imminent After giving the officer water; the officer makes a sigh like a child; The officer is most likely thankful he was able to get some comfort before he died

WAR IS KIND Do not weep, maiden, for war is kind. Because your lover threw wild hands toward the sky And the affrighted steed ran on alone, Do not weep. War is kind.

WAR IS KIND Hoarse, booming drums of the regiment Little souls who thirst for fight, These men were born to drill and die The unexplained glory flies above them Great is the battle-god, great, and his kingdom-- A field where a thousand corpses lie.

WAR IS KIND Do not weep, babe, for war is kind. Because your father tumbled in the yellow trenches, Raged at his breast, gulped and died, Do not weep. War is kind.

WAR IS KIND Swift, blazing flag of the regiment Eagle with crest of red and gold, These men were born to drill and die Point for them the virtue of slaughter Make plain to them the excellence of killing And a field where a thousand corpses lie.

WAR IS KIND Mother whose heart hung humble as a button On the bright splendid shroud of your son, Do not weep. War is kind.

WAR IS KIND The refrain commonly used in this poem is war is kind. The language of the first, third, and fifths stanzas is plain and closer to everyday speech, while the language of the indented second and fourth stanzas is embellished and inflated, and uses more formal verse conventions such as end rhyme. The contrast between these two styles adds to the poem's complexity, and furthers the author's intention to deflate the idea of romantic heroism in all of its guises.

WAR IS KIND The title alerts us to the ironic tone of the poem, as it is very difficult to imagine war being kind in any way. The opening stanza confirms that tone, as it addresses the lover of a soldier who has died in battle, telling her not to weep at his death. We are then presented a melodramatic image of that death, with the dying soldier throwing his "wild hands towards the sky/ And... his affrighted steed... running on alone."

WAR IS KIND The speaker presents more generalized images and statements about war, as opposed to the close-up image in the opening stanza. These lines convey a sense of the soldiers' exhaustion, futility, and resignation, as they fight with the flag ("unexplained glory") flying overhead.

WAR IS KIND Its about war and its aftermath. In twenty-six lines, the persona of the poem addresses the loved ones of the soldiers who died on the battlefield amid mayhem and chaos. Cranes use of blank verse is well suited for the subject of war because it lacks the harmonious patterns of rhyme and meter. The poem is composed of five stanzas, and the indented beginning of the second and fourth stanzas characterize a change in setting.

REVIEW Suspense is the quality of a literary work that make the reader or viewer not sure about the outcome of events. True or false? True

Mystery and suspense are the exact same thing and differentiating them is not an issue. True or false? False

Refrain is a phrase, line, or group of lines that is repeated throughout a poem, usually after each stanza. True or false? True

Nothing in Stephen Cranes life influenced him to write any of his stories. True or false? False

Stephen Cranes work was forgotten but then became popular again after his death. True or false? True.

Stephen Crane died of tuberculosis at the age of 25. True or false? False

A Mystery of Heroism is a story about a man who wants to get a drink of water from a well in the middle of a war. True or false? True

The refrain commonly used in War is Kind is do not weep, war is kind True or false? True

War is Kind uses imagery to present a visibly image of war and its sad difficulties. True or false? True.