1. Foreshadowing, genres, and theme
Oh my!

2. An organizational device used to create expectation or to set up an explanation of later developments
Foreshadowing

3. Foreshadowing: What is it?
The author drops little hints in the book about what is going to happen in the future
Used to help the reader make predictions
Builds dramatic tension by building anticipation
Creates suspense
Can be very subtle
Such as a bad event being foreshadowed by a cloudy day
Can be very obvious
Two very stupid lovers saying they’d rather die than live without the other
Sometimes can only be seen after finishing the piece of literature

4. Foreshadowing: How is it used?
Created in the setting
Think about a bright field versus a dark and stormy cliff
Created in the character’s words and actions
Think about flashbacks
These can usually give a character his or her motivation
Created in the symbols used
Think about the symbol for death on a pirate flag

5. Foreshadowing: Red Herrings
Foreshadowing does NOT have to be honest
The author could make something obvious in order to mislead you
A Red Herring is a false clue that an author uses to mislead the reader
Often found in detective or mystery stories
Help to build suspense
Pretty Little Liars is FULL of Red Herrings to confuse the viewer

6. Foreshadowing: Examples
The Lion King
Finding Nemo
Romeo and Juliet
Romeo says, “I dreamt my lady came and found me dead – Strange dream, that gives a dead man leave to think! – And breathed such life with kisses in my lips.”
Juliet does find Romeo dead – He foreshadows his own death

7. A category used to classify literary works, usually by form, technique, or content
Genre

8. Genre: What is it?
Basically, answers the question, “What kind of writing is this?”
Comes from the French word meaning “type” or “kind”
3 broad categories of genre
Fiction
Non-fiction
Poetry
A piece of literature can be considered cross-genre
This just means it has characteristics of more than one genre

9. Genre: Non-Fiction Piece of literature is based on fact
None of this story is made up or imaginary
Many different types of Non-Fiction writing
Autobiography
Biography
Diary
Essay
Newspaper Article
Speech
Technical Documents

10. Genre: Poetry
Characterized by its literary techniques, such as rhyme and rhythm
Usually written in short lines which often rhyme
Don’t always need to rhyme
Called Free Verse poetry when there is no rhyme scheme
Oftentimes used to…
Tell a story
Capture feelings and emotions
Create strong imagery

11. Genre: fiction Content that’s created by the imagination
Content is at least partially made up, not all of it’s fact
Some of the content could still be fact
Usually told in prose
Opposite of poetry
Language used by everyday speakers
Three main types of Fiction
Short Stories
Novels
Drama

12. Genre: Drama
The genre of literature represented by works intended for the stage; to be performed by actors on stage or television
Main Types
Tragedy
Deals with humans as victims of destiny
Usually end with death (sometimes for most of the characters)
Comedy
Any play that consistently features humor and light-hearted events
Usually end in marriages
Satire
Form of comedy aimed at current events in exaggerated manner

13. A topic of discussion or work; a major idea broad enough to cover the entire scope of a literary work; stated or implied; clues may be found in the prominent and/or recurring ideas in the piece
Theme

14. Theme: What is it? What it is Central idea of a piece of literature
Expressed in a sentence
What the writer wants to convey about the subject
Can be applied to life or other stories
Takes into the account the big idea of the story
What it is not
The same as a subject (one word vs. a sentence)
Specific to this piece of literature
Includes no character names or plot summary

15. Theme: Examples True love doesn’t come easy. Good triumphs over evil.
A true friend will always stand by you.
Knowledge is power.