Micro Nutrition Role in delivering profitable outcomes for dairy farmers Peter Robson DSM Ruminant Team APAC

Agenda Introduction Micro Nutrition Role in ruminant metabolism Dairy cows increasing requirement for micro nutrition DSM 5 core competencies What are 5 core competencies Why the 5 core competencies HyD Skeletal Health and cow longevity DSM partners with dairy producers Conclusion

Energy Protein Minerals (Macro & Trace) Vitamins (Fat Soluble) Nutrition – The 5 Basics Energy Protein Minerals (Macro & Trace) Vitamins (Fat Soluble) Fiber Cannot be synthesized by the animals and must be fed In summary 100% of the metabolic function of the All body enzyme systems and metabolism functions require vitamins and trace minerals All body enzyme systems and metabolism functions require vitamins and trace minerals Vitamins are complex organic compounds that are part of enzyme systems essential for the transformation of energy and body metabolism. This impacts on growth, production, reproduction and/or health Trace minerals comprise less than 0.01% of a cow. Trace minerals play a role as co factors in enzymes, maintain protein and nucleic acid structure, participate in ionic interactions affecting cell permeability and as catalysts for metabolic reactions.

Temperature /Humidity Factors influencing Micro Nutrition requirements Genetics/ Breed Micro Nutrition Demand Temperature /Humidity Life Stage Infectious Pressure Feed Composition Stress Housing Conditions Performance

Micro Nutrition requirements increasing over time 12 000 Feed conservation technology Corn silage Concentrate feeding Feed additives, minerals, vitamins 10 000 8000 Milk production (kg/cow/year) 6000 Breeding programs AL, ET, Sire evaluation 4000 Milk performance testing Breeders association Health services 2000 Winter feeding 1800 1900 2000 Year

Vitamin and trace mineral Deficiencies? Challenges on dairy cows under intensive production conditions Vitamin and trace mineral Deficiencies?

Environmental Management Raised without Antibiotics 5 Core Competences Local market solutions draw on DSM’s expertise in five key areas – antioxidants, skeletal development, nutrient utilisation, environmental management and antibiotic-free production. Based on individual market situation the solutions are tailored to the individual market requirements Market Solutions Antioxidants Skeletal Development Nutrient Utilisation Environmental Management Raised without Antibiotics

What are the 5 core competencies? Antioxidants Antioxidants are the foundation of immunity and health. They allow ruminants to channel nutrients to production and not to overcoming preventable health challenges. Raised without Antibiotics Skeletal Development More and more markets are demanding milk and meat that are from animals raised without Antibiotics The skeleton is the framework for a long productive life and carrying rapid body weight gain. Environmental Management Nutrient Utilisation Without compromising production aims, better nutrient utilisation equals less nutrient loss equals reduced impact of production system on the environment. Nutrient utilisation in a healthy animal determines the productive capacity of a system. Improvements in utilisation reduce the unit cost of production.

Why the 5 Core Competencies? The 5 core competencies enable farmers to match their animals’ nutrition requirements with whatever feed is available to meet production objectives. Animal nutrition requirements Available feeds Desired product objective 5 core competencies + =

Skeletal health – the driver of health and profit in dairies Core competency development Milk Fever The right ratio of vitamins and minerals improve health HyD most efficient process for D status Less clinical and sub clinical milk fever Stronger cows = more profit Incidence of Milk Fever (Reinhardt et al.) Hy-D® improves health and production at calving (Martinez et al)   -ve DCAD -ve DCAD + Hy-D® Milk Yield (kg/d) 33.79 36.31 RFM (%) 30.8 2.5 Metritis (%) 42.2 23.1 Hy-D® increases the retention of Ca (grey) and P (black) in cattle (McGrath et al.)

DSM Dairy Customer Partnerships, How do they work? DSM and our partners together develop specific solutions for challenges in the dairy production chain. These solutions need to be easily incorporated into existing farm production systems. Over time the solutions evolve to match changes in the farm production system.

Conclusion Vitamins and trace mineral requirements of cows can not be synthesized by dairy cows and must be fed Dairy cows micro nutrition requirements are increasing DSM 5 Core Competencies allow dairy producers to increase profitability To maximize benefits of the 5 core competencies, DSM in conjunction with our partners will develop solutions that are easily incorporated in existing production systems