Ch 27 .2 and 3 The Cold War Begins OBJS Discuss the roots of the Cold War Explain the Containment policy Explain the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan Discuss the impact of the Cold War on American life

Bellringer What is NATO? Does it exist today?

Compare/Share HW What is the role of the Security Council? What was the Cold War? Why did Truman order the atomic bomb dropped on Japan? What were the causes of War 1812?

Intro Go over test Discuss the remnants of the Cold War – problems in Afghanistan, etc…..

A. Post War Issues B. The Challenge of Peace -DEMOBILIZATION 1.) GI Bill of Rights a.) pension/gov. loans for vets to start businesses b.) “ “ “ “ “ “ buy homes c.) $ for tuition, books, and living expenses in college 2.) Employment Act - 1946- provide full employment and production 3.) Council of Economic Advisors to counsel the president on economic policy

4.) Depression never materialized because: a.) employment increased (switch from war products to consumer goods) b.) food exports remain high c.) spending by cautious war savers

b. Labor Unrest 1.)inflation caused workers to strike for higher wages 2.)Truman opposed strikes as disruptive to economy 3.)Taft Hartley Act passed to limit union power a.) courts can end strikes b.) outlawed closed shop agreements c.) restricted unions’ political contributions d.) required union officers to swear that they weren’t communist

C. The Cold War Begins 1. Roots of the Cold War a. Rivalry between the US and the USSR b. Based on: 1.) political and economic differences 2.) suspicion/mistrust of each other

c. Coexistence becomes a question d. Kennan’s CONTAINMENT doctrine- Stop the spread of communism – use necessary means to keep it where it is

2. Deadlock over Atomic Weapons a. Unable to reach an agreement on: the control of nuclear weapons b. Fear of nuclear threat was real

3. Containment Around the World a. Truman Doctrine – military aid to Turkey and Greece to fight communism b. Marshall Plan =$12 billion in economic aid to rebuild

4. Crisis in Berlin a. Soviets Upset over – fear of renewed German power B. Action taken by Soviets – Blockade

C. Reaction by Allies – airlift D. Final result – city never surrendered

E. Allies create NATO= North Atlantic Treaty Organization F. Soviets counter with Warsaw Pact

5. The Cold War at Home a. War Department reorganized with: Department of Defense Joint Chiefs of Staff – leadership of the army, navy and air force leadership combined National Security Council – advise president on strategic matters Central Intelligence Agency – gathers overseas information

b. Second Red Scare 1.) Presidential Actions and Results Est. Loyalty Review Board (1947) – investigate all federal employees Result – 20K investigated / 2K resigned / 300 fired as security risks

Congressional Acts House Committee on Un- American Activities (HUAC) – Investigate anti-American propaganda Hearings HollywoodTen

3.) Spies/Hearings HUAC – Richard Nixon – helped in getting Alger Hiss convicted The Rosenbergs – charged with giving atomic secrets to Soviets – both executed in 1953