EROSION and DEPOSITION WATER EROSION and DEPOSITION

RIVER EROSION

Meander A bend in a river

Point to a meander Point to a meander

Really stretched out bend in a river Gooseneck Really stretched out bend in a river

Point to a gooseneck Point to a gooseneck

Cutbank The outside of a river bend where erosion happens the fastest because the water is moving faster

cutbank 8

Bumping and scraping of particles against each other Abrasion Bumping and scraping of particles against each other

What does water abrasion do to rock? Trac What does water abrasion do to rock? 10

What shape is this valley? Trace the shape of the valley 11

Water will speed up if: More water is available (discharge increases) Slope of the channel is steeper Channel width is narrower

RIVER DEPOSITION

Point bar The inside of a river bend where sediment is deposited most because the water is moving slower

Point to a point bar Point to a point bar

The extent to which most floods happen – very fertile ground Floodplain The extent to which most floods happen – very fertile ground

Trace the floodplain Trace where the floodplain meets the surrounding hills 19

Build up of sediment on top of the banks of a river when it floods Natural Levees Build up of sediment on top of the banks of a river when it floods

Fan-shaped deposit as a river enters a larger body of water Delta Fan-shaped deposit as a river enters a larger body of water

What is this?

Draw the sediments as they would be deposited from the river on the left entering a lake on the right

These are crystals that have precipitated out of the water b/c it is moving so slow Mouth of River What is the biggest particle dropped by the river that is entering this lake? What are the purple squares after the clay-sized particles?

B A D C F E

A B C D E F Draw the cross-sections in for the different stretches of river

Point to a gooseneck and a point bar Point to a gooseneck and label it G, a point bar (PB)

Created when two cutbanks meet and the water cuts off the old meander Oxbow lake Created when two cutbanks meet and the water cuts off the old meander

SHORELINE EROSION

Rock fragments roll back and forth along the shores, grinding together (abrasion)and are usually reduced to sand-sized particles.

The overall angle of the waves along the shoreline Longshore current The overall angle of the waves along the shoreline

What is the next stage for this headland area of the shoreline?

Man-made structure perpendicular to the shoreline to control erosion Jetty Man-made structure perpendicular to the shoreline to control erosion

Which way is the longshore current? Draw an arrow showing the direction of longshore current Which way is the longshore current?

Sandbars that are “permanently exposed above sea level Barrier island Sandbars that are “permanently exposed above sea level

Sand spit Deposits of sand closing off a bay – shows direction of longshore current

Which way is the longshore current? Draw an arrow showing direction of longshore current