1. Erosional/Depositional Systems
Running Water/Streams

2. Running Water/Streams
a. Carrying Power –
How much material can the stream hold
1. Solution – dissolved particles
2. Suspension – carrying of fine sediments (they are suspended in water)
3. rolling, sliding or bouncing along the bottom >> Bedload

4. Velocity of a Stream = speed
The _________ the stream, the ______ it can carry
ESRT Page __
When a stream slows down, it loses its carrying power and particles are deposited
faster
more 6

5. What’s the minimum speed water needs to be moving in order to transport sand? _________
In order to move a particle that is 7.0 cm, a stream’s velocity would need to be at least _________ cm/sec
0.3 cm/sec
200

6. Velocity is dependent on:
i. Gradient -
As Gradient (slope) increases,
Velocity increases
Direct relationship

7. ii. Discharge
the amount of water

9. Velocity is dependent on:
ii. discharge
As discharge increases, velocity ____________
increases
_________ relationship
Direct

10. Velocity is dependent on:
iii. Channel Shape
If stream is straight, velocity is greatest in the center just below surface (less friction)
Meander = curve of stream or river

11. Meandering Stream Velocity is faster on _______ outside
Velocity is slower on _______
outside
inside

12. If a stream is meandering, then velocity is ________ on the outside
If a stream is meandering, then velocity is ________ on the outside. Therefore, more ________ occurs
faster
erosion

13. If a stream is meandering, then velocity is ________ on the ________
If a stream is meandering, then velocity is ________ on the ________. Therefore, more ________ occurs
slower
inside
deposition

14. Meandering Streams

15. Where is
erosion
greatest?
Outside of Curve

16. Where does
the river flow
fastest?
Center
down from
surface

17. Where is
deposition
greatest?
Inside of Curve
Mouth of River

18. Why?
lowest velocity

19. DENT = DEPOSITION
ELBOW = EROSION

21. Based on diagram below, what happens to the size of particles deposited in a large body of water as distance from the mouth increases?

22. What happens when a stream reaches a large body of water?
High potential energy (top of hill)
Mouth - where river enters ocean Low potential energy, low velocity
Velocity __________ as distance from the mouth ________, ______ particles settle out first
decreases
increases
Large

23. EROSIONAL EFFECTS
A. Particles become round and smooth due to ____________
B. V-shaped Valleys
Abrasion

24. c. Graded Bedding Small Particles Slowest Velocity Fastest Velocity
Big Particles

25. c. Graded bedding

26. Life Of A Stream
NEW
OLD
MATURE

27. Life of a Stream
Oxbow Lake cut off from main flow

28. Oxbow
Lakes

29. Watershed - Area of land drained by one stream
Beginning of river
Streams that flow into rivers
Triangle shaped deposits
At mouth
A flat land next to a river that is subject to flooding

31. 4,520 square miles of land area within New York State
Chenango River (2,796 river/stream miles)

33. delta
What is this?

34. What is this type of river deposit called?
Delta
large
small