1. Erosion Sediment Deposition Gravity Mass Movement
The process by which water, ice, wind or gravity moves weathered rock or soil
Sediment
Small solid pieces of material that come from rocks or organisms
Deposition
Process in which sediment is laid down in new locations
Gravity
A force that moves rocks and other materials downhill
Mass Movement
One of any of several processes by which gravity moves sediment downhill

2. Runoff Rill Gully Stream Tributary
Water that flows over the ground surface rather than sinking into the ground
Rill
A tiny groove in soil made by running water
Gully
A large channel in soil made by erosion
Stream
A channel through which water is continuously flowing downhill
Tributary
A stream or smaller river that feeds into a main river

3. Flood Plain Meander Oxbow Lake Alluvial Fan Delta
Wide valley through which a river flows
Meander
A loop like bend in the course of a river
Oxbow Lake
A meander cut off from the river
Alluvial Fan
A wide sloping deposit of sediment formed where a stream leaves a mountain range
Delta
A landform made of sediment that is deposited where a river flows into an ocean or lake

4. Groundwater Stalactite Stalagmite Karst Topography Energy
Water that fills the cracks and spaces in underground soil and rock layers
Stalactite
A calcite deposit that hangs from the roof of a cave
Stalagmite
A cone shaped calcite deposit that builds up from the floor of a cave
Karst Topography
A region in which a layer of limestone close to the surface creates deep valleys, caverns or sinkholes
Energy
The ability to do work or cause change

5. Potential Energy Kinetic Energy Abrasion Load Friction
Energy that is stored and available to use later
Kinetic Energy
The energy an object has due to its motion
Abrasion
The grinding away of rock by other rock particles carried by ice, water or wind
Load
The amount of sediment that a riveror stream carries
Friction
The force that opposes the motion of one surface as it moves across another surface

6. Turbulence Glacier Continental Glacier Ice Age Valley Glacier
A type of movement of water in which rather than moving downstream the water moves every which way
Glacier
A large mass of moving ice or snow on land
Continental Glacier
A glacier that covers much of a continent or large island
Ice Age
Time in the past when continental glaciers covered large parts of the Earth’s surface
Valley Glacier
A long narrow glacier that forms when snow and ice build up in a mountain valley

7. Plucking Till Moraine Kettle Headland
The process by which a glacier picks up rocks as it flows over land
Till
The sediments deposited directly by a glacier
Moraine
A ridge formed by the till deposited at the edge of a glacier
Kettle
A small depression that forms when a chunk of ice is left in a glacial till
Headland
A part of the shore that sticks out into the ocean

8. Beach Longshore Drift Spit Sand Dune Deflation
Wave washed sediment along a coast
Longshore Drift
The movement of water and sediment down a beach cause by waves coming in to shore at an angle
Spit
A beach formed by a longshore drift that projects like a finger out into the ocean
Sand Dune
A deposit of wind blown sand
Deflation
Wind erosion that removes surface materials

9. A wind formed deposit made of fine particles of clay and silt
Loess
A wind formed deposit made of fine particles of clay and silt