1. Weathering and Erosion

2. MOVING WATER What do we call the movement of water? –Water Cycle (I hope you didn’t forget) How do you think the water cycle causes weathering and erosion

3. RUNOFF Water moving from higher ground to lower ground because of the pull of gravity What are some of the sources of runoff? –Rain –Snow melting

4. Precipitation As any form of precipitation hits the rocks/ground it causes weathering Over time precipitation will wear the rock away until it becomes soil

5. Precipitation Some water seeps in to the ground As the water trickles through the soil it eventually reaches solid rock After the rock it reaches other water sources which then feed the roots The water changes all surfaces it comes into contact with

6. Physical and Chemical Weathering Physical –Grinding off of small rock particles Chemical –As water moves through rock it can combine with minerals in rock –This combination may cause changes in the original rock and any other rock the mineral water comes into contact with

7. Shorelines What do you think shorelines have to do with weathering? As waves wash up on shore, the sand on the beach moves. The shape of the shore changes along with the movement of the water

8. Erosion Water Erosion –Streams, rivers and rain erode the Earth’s surface over a long period of time. –Water erosion can cause new landforms.

9. Erosion Valleys –If water flows into a stream, over time that stream will become a river. –As river and streams flow over land, they cut into the land –Over time, these cuts create a valley –Sometimes the river dries up but the valley remains

10. Erosion Canyon –Deep narrow valleys with steep sides –Canyon usually have rivers or streams flowing through them –The Grand Canyon still has a small river flowing through it that has shrunk over time

11. Canyons and Valleys

12. Movement of Water Fast moving water –Cut deeper into the land Slow moving water –Shapes land at a much slower pace

13. Meanders –Looping changes of direction in a river or stream –Water moves differently around a bend –The land near the outside edge or a meander erodes faster than land on the inside edge

14. Tributary A river or stream that does not reach the ocean Tributaries join other rivers or streams

15. Wind Erosion Wind carries tiny particles These tiny particles are then dropped in other areas changing the landscape

16. Deposition The process of adding sand, rock or soil to a new location Fast Moving River –Rock is deposited near the mouth (where the river meets the ocean) of the river –A DELTA is a low, flat piece of land at or near the mouth of a river

17. Delta Formed by deposition As a river flows it erodes small pieces of rock and soil As the water moves the soil and rock continue to move When the water meets the ocean it slows down causing the rocks and soil to settle at the bottom of the river Deltas are very fertile – great for growing crops

18. Floods When snow melts and the water runs off into streams, rivers and tributaries Floodplain is a flat land near a river form by deposition during floods –During a flood water flows over a rivers banks –When the water leaves the river it slows down –The rocks and soil are dropped becoming part of the flood plain

19. Floodplain and Delta Continuously smoothing Found anywhere along rivers Found at the mouth of rivers