The Cattle Industry and Railroads in Texas Grade 04 Social Studies Unit: 09 Lesson 02 ©2012, TESCCC

Check for Understanding Check your answers on your Reading Notes: Cattle and Railroad Industry Handout. Your answers do NOT need to match my answers exactly. You may add to your answers or change an answer as we go through the PowerPoint. ©2012, TESCCC

How did the cattle industry begin in Texas? The Spanish brought cattle to Texas and the vaquero (cowboy) took care of them on ranches. Do any of you know someone who is a rancher or a cowboy? ©2012, TESCCC

Why did the cattle industry grow in Texas after the Civil War? There was a demand for beef as a food source, especially in the North. Texas had a large supply of cattle. ©2012, TESCCC

How did Texans get their cattle to market? Texans got their cattle to market by cattle drives. Name at least two states that had railroads that got cattle to market. Two states could include Kansas, Wyoming, Nebraska, and Missouri. (2013). Map of the cattle trails. (2013). [Web Photo]. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/history/shp/americanwest/cattleranchingrev1.shtml Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk ©2012, TESCCC

Name a contribution made by Charles Goodnight. Charles Goodnight was a cowboy who blazed the Goodnight Loving cattle trail. The trail extended from Texas to Wyoming. Image source: http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/people/d_h/goodnight.htm ©2012, TESCCC

Name a contribution made by Richard King. Richard King was the founder of the largest ranch in Texas called the King Ranch. Have any of you visited the King Ranch? Image source: http://www.stxmaps.com/go/the-king-ranch-in-1864.html Image source: http://www.stxmaps.com/go/the-king-ranch-in-1864.html ©2012, TESCCC

Name a contribution made by Lizzie Johnson. Lizzie Johnson was the first woman in Texas to ride the Chisholm Trail and own a ranch. How many of you would like to go on a cattle drive or own a ranch? Is there anyone in our class who has actually worked cattle on horseback? Image source: http://celiahayes.wordpress.com/2011/01/22/the-anti-lily-bart-lizzie-johnson-williams/ Image source: http://celiahayes.wordpress.com/2011/01/22/the-anti-lily-bart-lizzie-johnson-williams/ ©2012, TESCCC

Barbed wire is a twisted wire with sharp points that fenced in cattle. Draw and label two pictures of two examples of technology that were developed because of the cattle industry. Barbed wire is a twisted wire with sharp points that fenced in cattle. Joseph Glidden invented barbwire, which helped ranchers keep their herds safe from cattle rustlers, although ranchers first preferred their herds to roam the open range. Image from: http://openclipart.org/detail/19289 and http://en.wikipedia.org ©2012, TESCCC

Windmills helped ranchers lose fewer head of cattle to drought. Draw and label two pictures of two examples of technology that were developed because of the cattle industry. Windmills pumped water from under the ground, so cattle did not have to be herded to a water source. Windmills helped ranchers lose fewer head of cattle to drought. Windmills also helped ranching become more profitable. Image from: http://www.clipartlab.com/clipart_preview/structures.php ©2012, TESCCC

What led to the end of the cattle industry? Settlers moved to Texas and fenced-in the open range. This left fewer acres of land for grazing cattle. This is why ranchers and farmers were sometimes not friendly to one another in the late 1800s. ©2012, TESCCC

The Railroad Comes to Texas! Image source: http://school.discoveryeducation.com/clipart/clip/oldtrain.html ©2012, TESCCC

The Railroad Comes to Texas! ©2012, TESCCC

Name at least two industries that have been impacted by the railroad. Railroad transferred agriculture products and lumber to other parts of the United States. ©2012, TESCCC

Based on the map, name at least one impact railroads had on Texas. The railroad caused the growth of cities. People moved to the cities to start small businesses that provided goods and services. ©2012, TESCCC

3-2-1 Summary Turn to a neighbor. 3 = Take turns and tell your neighbor 3 NEW Things you learned about cattle ranching in Texas. 2 = Take turns and tell your neighbor 2 NEW Things you learned about the railroad in Texas. 1 = Take turns and ask your neighbor 1 question you have about cattle ranching or the railroad in Texas. ©2012, TESCCC