1. Cotton, Cattle and Railroads

2. Make a bubble chart  Large amount of land available  Large supply of wild longhorn on the Texas Frontier  Demand for beef in the northern and eastern United States

3. Make a Bubble Chart were forced to move to reservations in Oklahoma  Indians were forced to move to reservations in Oklahoma  Creation of Six regiments of African Americans were formed after the Civil War and they helped to keep the peace among the Indians.  Creation of Buffalo Soldiers – Six regiments of African Americans were formed after the Civil War and they helped to keep the peace among the Indians. Make a Bubble Chart were forced to move to reservations in Oklahoma  Indians were forced to move to reservations in Oklahoma  Creation of Six regiments of African Americans were formed after the Civil War and they helped to keep the peace among the Indians.  Creation of Buffalo Soldiers – Six regiments of African Americans were formed after the Civil War and they helped to keep the peace among the Indians.

4. Buffalo Soldiers Original Texas Indian Settlement Indian Reservations in Oklahoma

5. https://youtu.be/WbcxZM32ZrQ

6. Make a Bubble Chart  Texas Attorney General and Governor  Worked at reforming big business  Fought to protect citizens from unjust business practices  Supported the creation of the Texas Railroad Commission that protected citizens from unfair practices by railroads.

7. Make a Bubble Chart  Last Chief of the Comanche and a skilled warrior. His tribe roamed West Texas  His parents were Cynthia Ann Parker and Chief Peta Nacona. His mother was captured by the Comanche as a small child and was raised by them.  Quanah Parker eventually surrendered after evading capture by the US Calvary. Eventually influenced other Native Americans to assimilate as well.

8.  http://youtu.be/tM40Dy5pJic http://youtu.be/tM40Dy5pJic

9.  Cattle were brought to America by the ___________ in the 1500’s. Spanish  Cattle trails were used to get cattle to the railroads which took them to market in northern states  Eventually railroad junctions were established in Texas  What is a junction?  Answer: A place where two or more roads or railroad lines meet.

10.  Make a Bubble Map  Control of water rights  Use of barbed wire  The raising of sheep  What were the cattle doing that encouraged the use of barbed wire?  Answer: Trampling the farmers’ crops

11.  Barbed Wire, windmills, and railroads in Texas were the main causes for the close of the open range.  What was an open range?  Answer: Public lands used for grazing cattle  How did these inventions cause the close of the open range? cause the close of the open range?

12.  Make a bubble chart  The end of cattle drives and the open range  Growth of new cities  A move from subsistence farming to commercial farming  What is the difference in subsistence farming and commercial farming?  Answer: subsistence: growing crops for your family commercial: growing crops to sell.

13.  What is urbanization?  Answer: The growth of cities

14. farmingEast Texas West Texas ranching (cattle)  Prior to windmills most farming was done in East Texas due to the large amount of rainfall. In West Texas ranching (cattle) was the main form of agriculture.  When windmills were invented, farmers and ranchers were able to water their crops and animals on their own property without having access to a river.(irrigation). Farming spread into North, South and West Texas.  What resource influenced ranching instead of farming?  Answer: Water

15.  Make a chart like the one below: The Title will be on the next slide. __________________________ Germans Irish Why They Came? Where They Settled / Draw A map also

16.  Germans – came for cheap land, good climate  -Settled in Central Texas (San Antonio, New Braunfels)  Irish – Came due to potato famine and poverty  Settled in the Rio Grande Valley, San Patricio, Refugio, and Victoria