Cell Structures & Functions Review Session

Topic: Cell Theory Question: List the 2 of the 3 principles of the cell theory. Answer: All organisms are composed of one or more cells The cell is the basic unit of organization of organisms. All cells come from pre-existing cells

Topic: Cell Types Question: List 2 characteristics of a Prokaryotic organism. Answer: Prokaryotes do not have organelles. They are single-celled organisms

Topic: Cell Structures: Identify the 2 organelles pictured B. Answers: Nucleus Endoplasmic Reticulum

Remember: There are 2 types of Endoplasmic Reticulum!! Rough E. R. Has ribosomes attached Protein Synthesis 2. Smooth E. R. No ribosomes Lipid Synthesis

Topic: Cell Structures: List the functions of the two organelles below. Golgi Apparatus: modifies proteins, then sorts them into vesicles to be sent to other parts of the cell Mitochondria: Provides a usable form of energy for the cell. “battery for the cell”

Topic: Cell Structures Question: Which 2 structures are found in plant cells, but not in animal cells? Answer: Cell Wall and Chloroplasts

Topic: Cellular Transport The plasma membrane is semi-permeable (or selectively permeable). Question: What does this statement mean? Answer: semi-permeable means that the membrane allows some molecules to pass freely through the membrane, while excluding others. *For the cell, this is determined by size, charge, and concentration gradient*

Topic: Cellular Transport 2 part question: What is osmosis? In what direction do the molecules move? Answer: Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane. The water molecules move towards higher concentrations of dissolved substances.

Topic: Cellular Transport Question: Is the cell on the left hypertonic or hypotonic compared to the cell on the right? Answer: The cell on the left is hypotonic because it has fewer salt molecules than the cell on the right.

Topic: Cell Transport Question: What are two major differences between Passive and Active Transport? Hint: Diffusion and Osmosis are examples of passive transport. Answer: Passive Transport: Molecules move with Concentration Gradient, no Energy needed Active Transport: Molecules move against Concentration Gradient, Energy is needed

Good Luck on the Test Tomorrow!!!!