1. Cell Review
EOC

2. Improved Technology led to…
Cell Theory
3 main principles
All organisms are made of one or more cells
All existing cells are produced by other living cells (mitosis)
The cell is the most basic unit of life

3. There are two main types of cells
Prokaryotic (Pro means before; karyon means nucleus)
Prokaryotic Characteristics:
No nucleus
No organelles
Unicellular
Example: Bacteria

4. The other type…Eukaryotic Cells
Eu means true; karyon means nucleus
Has a nucleus
Has organelles
Usually multicellular
Examples:
Plants, Animals, Fungi

5. 2 Types of Eukaryotic Cells: Plant and Animal

6. BOTH PLANT Organelle Function Plant/ Animal/ Both Mitochondria
Releases energy stored in food (cell respiration)
BOTH
Chloroplast
Uses light to produce sugar (Photosynthesis)
PLANT

7. BOTH Organelle Function Plant/ Animal/ Both Cell Membrane
Controls movement of substances in and out of the cell
BOTH
***Lysosome***
Breaks down and recycles materials for the cell

8. Plant and Bacteria BOTH Organelle Function Plant/ Animal/ Both
Cell Wall
Provides structure and shape
Plant and Bacteria
Nucleus
Controls the activity of the cell- stores and protects DNA
BOTH

9. BOTH but plant has a HUGE vacuole!
Organelle
Function
Plant/
Animal/
Both
Vacuoles
Stores materials like waste, water, food, enzymes, ions
BOTH but plant has a HUGE vacuole!
Ribosome
Makes proteins
BOTH

10. BOTH Organelle Function Plant/ Animal/ Both
***Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum***
Synthesizes and packages lipids
Helps build steroids
BOTH
***Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum***
Synthesizes and packages proteins, covered in ribosomes

11. BOTH Organelle Function Plant/ Animal/ Both Cytoplasm
Fluid portion that all other organelles are held in
BOTH
***Golgi Apparatus***
Modify, sort, package and deliver proteins/lipids to the cell

12. CYTOSKELETON Organelle Function Plant/ Animal/ Both Microtubules +++
Thick, spiral shaped- help provide structure/movement
Microfilaments +++
Thin- help provide structure/movement

13. Diffusion
Diffusion is ANY molecule moving from a HIGH concentration to a LOW concentration until both sides are equal.
What does a high concentration mean?
What does a low concentration mean?

14. Facilitated Diffusion

15. Osmosis (no, not Jones) Equilibrium means when things are equal.
Osmosis is the diffusion of water from a high concentration to a low concentration until equilibrium (homeostasis) is reached.
What is equilibrium?
Equilibrium means
when things are
equal.

16. Dynamic Equilibrium
Even when they do become equal, particles are always moving.
Therefore, we call it a DYNAMIC equilibrium.

17. What does semi permeable mean?
It means that the membrane only lets certain things in and out
Also called selectively permeable.

18. Next… = Salt Will the water move into the cell or out?
What is it called when cells try to maintain the same environment inside and out?

19. You need to understand this….