1. Cell Review
Unit Target: Explain how the structures of a cell allow it to function as the basic unit of life.

2. Learning Target: Define cell (knowledge)
A(n) ______________ is the basic unit of all living things that can carry out all the functions of a living thing.
a. atom
b. organ
c. macromolecule
d. cell
Answer: d

3. Learning Target: State the cell theory (knowledge)
Which of the following is a component of the cell theory?
a. all living things are made of cells
b. atoms are the basic unit of structure and
function in an organism
c. new cells are produced from existing
atoms
d. cells can move
Answer: a

4. Does the cell theory apply to all living things? yes

5. Learning Target: Compare and contrast between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells. (reasoning)
What type of cell is small and does not have a nucleus to hold the genetic material- prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
Prokaryotic cell

6. What type of cell is larger in size, has complex structures and a nucleus to hold the genetic material- prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
eukaryotic

7. Which cell is a prokaryotic cell?

8. Which of the following is not a characteristics shared with all cells?
Cell wall
Cell membrane
Genetic material
Cytoplasm
a. Cell wall

11. Which image shows plant cells?
How could you tell?
The plant cell has a cell wall.

12. What organelle does a plant cell have that allows it to make food from the sun’s energy?
Chloroplast
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
Golgi Apparatus a.
Do animal cells have chloroplasts? No

13. LearningTarget: Investigate how the structures of the cell relate to their specific functions. (reasoning)

14. mitochondria. a. controls what goes in and out of Golgi apparatus
mitochondria a. controls what goes in and out of Golgi apparatus the cell
nucleus b. stores nutrients and water
cell membrane c. control center of the cell
genetic material d. stores instructions for cell activities
vacuole e. place where proteins are made
ribosome k. produces energy for the cell
cell wall l. produces and stores RNA
lysosome m. a system of tubes that transports endoplasmic reticulum proteins
nucleolus n. uses enzymes to break down
macromolecules
o. modifies, sorts and packages
proteins
p. support and protection for a plant cell

15. If a white blood cell rushed to the site of a cut to engulf dirt and invading germs what organelle would the blood cell then use to break down the dirt and germs? Lysosome How would the cell expel the waste products created by digesting the dirt and germs- endocytosis or exocytosis? exocytosis

16. If the plant cell takes in a large quantity of water will it burst?
If a plant cell takes in water through osmosis, what organelle will store the water?
Vacuole
If the plant cell takes in a large quantity of water will it burst?
The vacuole will enlarge as it fills with water and put pressure on the cell wall but the cell will not burst. An animal cell would burst.

17. Which cell would most likely have more mitochondria
Which cell would most likely have more mitochondria? The cells in your brain or the dead skin cells found on the surface of your body. The cells in your brain because they need more energy. Dead cells don’t need any energy at all. They are dead!

18. Which organelle does the Golgi Apparatus work most closely with?
Nucleus
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Mitochondria
c. Rough ER- When a protein is made in the rough ER, it is transported to the Golgi apparatus in preparation for its release from the cell

19. When you studied the function of organelles your author placed them into categories based on their similarities. (See page 207) Which of the following are most related in function?
Nucleus and cell membrane
Vacuoles and lysosomes
Ribosomes and chloroplasts
Mitochondria and centrioles
b. Both are structures that store and clean-up

20. Why do cells have different structures?
Because cells must have different structures to carry out different functions. For example a plant cells job is to take sunlight and turn it into usable energy so a plant cell has structures called chloroplasts to help it carry out this function.

21. There will be a cell analogy on the test
There will be a cell analogy on the test. You may want to review the cell analogy power point we made which can also be found on the web-site. As you can see there are a lot of questions about the function of organelles so memorize the functions and then be ready to THINK on the test.

22. Target: Identify the parts of the cell membrane. (knowledge)

23. Target: Relate the structure of the cell membrane to its function of maintaining homeostasis within a cell. (reasoning)
Cell membranes control which substances pass in and out of the cell. This is known as selective permeability.
Why is selective permeability important?
It gives the cell rigidity
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis.
It controls the functions of the cell
It helps the cell break down wastes. b.

24. There are two ways substance can move across a cell membrane- active transport or passive transport. Which way does not require energy? Passive transport. Is this an example of passive transport? The movement of Na+ ions across the concentration gradient. No- this would require energy because the ions are trying to move from low to high concentrations.

25. Diffusion is an example of passive transport
Diffusion is an example of passive transport. Which of the following substances could diffuse across the cell membrane?
Glucose
Na+ ions
Oxygen
Protein
c. Only oxygen is small enough. Glucose and Protein are too big to diffuse and ions cannot because of their charge.

26. How would glucose cross the cell membrane?
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
Active transport
b. Facilitated diffusion. The glucose would pass through special protein channels. This is still passive transport because no energy is used.

27. Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules
Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules. If you eat salty potato chips will water diffuse into or out of your cells? Out of your cells. That is why you feel thirsty. Your cells are dehydrating. If you put salt on your driveway on the winter what will happen to the grass near the driveway. It will wilt. The water is flowing out of the grass cells toward the salt.

28. Tell which blood cells were placed in the following solutions: hypotonic, hypertonic, isotonic.

29. b. This is an example of endocytosis which requires energy.
Active transport is the movement of substances from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration. Active transport requires energy.
Which of the following is an example of active transport?
Carbon dioxide diffuses across the cell membrane.
A one celled organism that lives in a pond engulfs some algae.
Water flows out of a cell in a process called osmosis.
Potassium moves across the cell membrane from high to low concentrations.
b. This is an example of endocytosis which requires energy.

30. Is this a picture of endocytosis or exocytosis
Is this a picture of endocytosis or exocytosis? Exocytosis- exo means to exit.

31. Learning Target: Analyze data to draw conclusions about the movement of water across a cell membrane. (skill)

32. Which egg increased in mass at the end of the experiment? A
Which egg was placed in the syrup?
B Since water will flow out of the egg placed in
syrup, the egg will decrease in mass.

33. What conclusion can be made from analyzing the graph?
Eggs placed in various solutions will increase in mass.
Eggs placed in various solutions will increase or decrease in mass.
Eggs use active transport to move substances across their membrane. b.