The U. S. Constitution Amendments 11 - 27

Extending the Bill of Rights

At first, the Bill of Rights only protected the rights of adult white males, and only limited the power of the national government.

Amendments and Supreme Court rulings have made the Bill of Rights apply to all people and all levels of government

Limits the jurisdiction of federal courts ELEVENTH AMENDMENT (1795) Limits the jurisdiction of federal courts

separate ballots for electing president and vice-president TWELTH AMENDMENT (1804) Electoral college use separate ballots for electing president and vice-president

The 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments are referred to as the Civil War amendments because they were passed in the aftermath of the Civil War

THIRTEENTH AMENDMENT (1865) No involuntary servitude (no slavery)

FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT (1868) Due process Equal protection under the law Defined citizenship

Section 1 of the 14th Amendment “All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.” Section 1 of the 14th Amendment

FIFTEENTH AMENDMENT (1870) Gave African-American males right to vote

SIXTEENTH AMENDMENT (1913) Federal income tax

SEVENTEETH AMENDMENT (1913) Direct (popular) election of Senators

EIGHTEENTH AMENDENT (1919) Prohibition! (outlawed alcohol)

NINTEENTH AMENDMENT (1920) Women’s suffrage

TWENTIETH AMENDMENT (1933) Inauguration Day January 3 – Congress (used to be March 4th) January 20 – President (used to be March 20th)

TWENTY FIRST AMENDMENT (1933) Repealed the 18th Amendment (allowed the production and consumption of alcohol)

TWENTY SECOND AMENDMENT (1951) Limited presidential terms to two full terms or ten years

TWENTY THIRD AMENDMENT (1961) Gave Washington, DC residents the right to vote for president & vice-president

TWENTY FOURTH AMENDMENT (1964) Abolished the poll tax

TWENTY FIFTH AMENDMENT (1967) Clarified the succession of the president after his death or his incapacitation while in office

TWENTY SIXTH AMENDMENT (1971) Granted eighteen year-olds suffrage

TWENTY SEVENTH AMENDMENT (1992) Banned Congress from increasing its salary until after the next election