Monochronic vs Polychronic Time Time as a ribbon or road Attend to one thing Time almost tangible Interruptions unwelcome Scheduling Clock-Promptness Privacy valued Time as a point Multi-level simultaneous involvement Time intangible No problem with interruptions No scheduling Relational-promptness Privacy not valued

Sync Time It can now be said with assurance that individuals are dominated in their behavior by complex hierarchies of interlocking rhythms. Furthermore, these same interlocking rhythms are comparable to fundamental themes in a symphonic score, a keystone in the interpersonal processes between mates, co-workers, and organizations of all types on the interpersonal level within as well as across cultural boundaries. Hall, The Dance of Life, 153

Scale of Turn Taking Adapted from Deborah Tannen, That’s Not What I Meant! Many at a time Do not wait for pauses “Aggressive” talkers Polyvocalic Monovocalic One at a time Wait for pauses “Passive” talkers Things to Note: *Each person fits somewhere within a range on the scale *Culture, family, personality, and life history contribute to where one fits *Each has a “toleration zone” of the amount of interruption allowed *We can expand our range through practice (become “bivocalic”?)

Confucian Work Dynamic Short Term Orientation Long Term Orientation Personal steadiness and stability Protecting your 'face' Respect for tradition Reciprocation of greetings, favors, and gifts Persistence (perseverance) Ordering relationships by status Observing this status order Thrift Sense of shame