Circulatory System Main Functions:

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Circulatory System Main Functions: 1. Transports nutrients, hormones, & gases 2. Get rid of wastes 3. Helps maintain a constant body temperature

Two Systems make up the Circulatory System: 1. Cardiovascular system: the blood, heart, & blood vessels. 2. Lymphatic system: the lymph, lymph nodes, & lymph vessels.

Cardiovascular System Function: the heart pumps oxygen rich blood throughout the body and returns oxygen poor blood to the lungs.

Lymphatic System Function: returns fluids (lymph) that have collected in the tissues to the bloodstream. Lymph nodes (mini filters) store lymphocytes.

Circulation Pattern & Heart Structures -Flow -Valves

Heartbeat Control Sinoatrial Node (SA Node) located in the right atrium. “pacemaker” Atrioventricular Node (AV Node) located in the upper septum.

Blood Pressure: -systolic pressure- when the ventricles contract -diastolic pressure- when the ventricles are relaxed Pulse: Pressure waves in arteries from contraction of the left ventricle Hypertension- high blood pressure!

Blood Vessels Aorta Arteries Arterioles

Capillaries -Microscopic blood vessels. -Walls are one celled thick -Blood cells move through in single file line. -Capillary walls enable nutrients and gases to diffuse easily between blood cells and surrounding tissue cells.

Veins Vena Cava Veins Venules -Veins unlike arteries have valves.

Patterns of Circulation Pulmonary Circulation Systemic Circulation Coronary Circulation Hepatic Portal Circulation Renal Circulation

Flow of Blood

Blood (Ch. 46.2) Plasma- liquid part of the blood, mostly water. Carries nourishment for the cells. Red Blood Cells (erthrocytes)- transport oxygen. Formed in the red marrow of cells. -Hemoglobin- transport oxygen and carbon dioxide. -no nuclei -life span of 120-130 days

White Blood Cells (leukocytes)- help defend the body against disease White Blood Cells (leukocytes)- help defend the body against disease. -formed in the red marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen. -larger than RBC’s -can live many years

Platelets- help form blood clots. -Fibrin (protein) is produced that forms a sticky web, forming a clot. Blood Types- A, B, O, AB Antigens- protein or carbohydrate that signals the body that something foreign has entered it. Rh factor- antigen present on the surface of RBC’s. Majority of humans are Rh +.

Structure of a Heartbeat

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