Notes: Acids and Bases

Acids taste sour conduct electricity Note: NEVER taste an acid in class! conduct electricity react with indicators to produce predictable changes in color corrode metals (HCl Acid corrodes Mg ribbon)

Common Acids Sulfuric Acid Hydrochloric Acid Nitric Acid Citric Acid

In solution, feel slippery (like soap) corrode metals Bases Bitter taste In solution, feel slippery (like soap) corrode metals conduct electricity React with indicators

Common Bases Aluminum Hydroxide Calcium Hydroxide Ammonia

What is the pH scale? 1-6 for an Acid (1 is the strongest acid) 7- Neutral (water is a neutral substance) 8-14 for bases (14 is the strongest base).

pH Scale

Vocabulary Indicators such as litmus, pH paper, and cabbage juice are used to detect the presence of acids and bases by changes in color. Reactivity is the tendency of a substance to undergo chemical reaction, either by itself or with other materials. Combustibility, or flammability, means that a substance is capable of igniting and burning.

What is a neutralization reaction? Neutralization: a chemical reaction between an acid and a base which produces water and salt During a neutralization reaction… hydronium ion, H+ (acid) + hydroxide ion, OH- (base) = water negative ions (acid) + positive ions (base) = salt Acid + Base = Water + Salt