1. Acids, Bases, & pH

2. What is an Acid?
A substance that donates H+ ions (hydrogen ions) to form H3O+ ions (hydronium) in water
PROPERTIES:
Taste sour
Burn skin
Conduct electricty

3. Strong Acids .vs Weak Acids
fully ionize when dissolved in water
Weak Acids
do not fully ionize when in water…they form an equilibrium

4. What is a Base?
A substance that either contains hydroxide ions (OH-) or reacts with water to form OH-
PROPERTIES:
Taste bitter
Slippery
Conduct electricity

5. Strong Base .vs Weak Base
Hydroxide dissociated completely to form ions
Weak Base
Does not dissociate completely

6. pH A measure of the hydronium ion H3O+ concentration in a solution
Tells you if a solution is an acid or a base
pH Ranges (0-14)
ACID = 0-6
NEUTRAL = 7
BASIC = 8-14

7. Neutralization Reactions
Reaction between hydronium ions & hydroxide ions to form water
Results in neutral solutions
Strong acids & bases react together to make water & salt

8. Testing pH - Indicators
Indicators are organic substances that change color in an acid or a base.

9. Types of Indicators Litmus paper Phenol Red pH paper
Acids – Blue turns to Red
Bases – Red turns Blue
Phenol Red
Acids turn YELLOW
Bases turn PINK
pH paper
Tests all 14 pH levels, each pH has a different color