The Era of Good Feelings and the Rise of American Nationalism (1815-1824) J.A.SACCO

> Rise of Nationalism Period was a direct result of the War of 1812 National Interests Sectional Interests How did the War of 1812 give rise to American nationalism?

The Monroe Administration (1817-1825) James Monroe elected twice, unanimously in 1820. Federalist Party?

The Monroe Administration (1817-1825) “Nationalized” the Democratic-Republican Party Abandoned the idea of states rights/strict interpretation of Jefferson years to support a policy that would strengthen the national government. “Out federalized the Federalists” Increase the size of the navy Support a vigorous economic system called the American System

The American System Sponsored by Henry Clay and supported by ALL sections of the nation. North would produce manufactured goods South/West would provide agricultural goods Created a system of self-sufficiency in three parts!

The American System Protective Tariff of 1816- Northern goods protected from cheap British imports (textile/iron products). Even John C. Calhoun supported it.

The American System Second Bank of the U.S.- Would restore sound banking system/stable currency. Would keep inflation down by regulating state banks. 20 yr. re-charter, run privately, 20% stock owned by U.S. government. Stock set at $35 million.

The American System National Road- linked East/West from Cumberland, MD. to Vandalia IL. Originally vetoed by Madison. (Why?)

The American System Erie Canal (1825) – Linked Hudson R. to L. Erie. The cities of Albany to Buffalo.

The American System Steamboats used on the Miss. R. to haul cargo.

Nationalism and the Supreme Court Chief Justice John Marshall and the Supreme Court in each case expand the power of the federal government over the states.

Fletcher V. Peck (1810) Case- GA. State gov’t passes a law that voids a land grant made by the previous presidential administration. Land owners sued. Ruling- Contract stands. State government can not invalidate a federal contract. Outcome- Protected contracts from legislative interference. Supreme Court could overturn laws that oppose specific provisions of Constitution.

McCulloch V. Maryland (1819) Case- State of Md. Tried to tax a branch of the Second bank of U.S. to put it out of existence. Ruling- States have no power to tax a federal institution. If they did they could overturn acts by the federal government. Outcome- Upheld “supremacy clause”. Also upheld Hamilton’s view of the legality of the bank as “necessary and proper” under the implied powers clause.

Gibbons V. Ogden (1824) Case- Involved a NY steamboat company given a monopoly for steamboat traffic by the state of NY to conduct business between NY and NJ. Ruling- Monopoly unconstitutional Outcome- reaffirms the federal governments power over interstate trade

Cases Everywhere! Martin v. Hunters Lessee (1816)- Supreme Court can reserve the right to hear the appeals of state courts if they feel it conflicts with the constitution. Cohens v. Virginia (1821)- Supreme Court superior to state courts in all questions related to the federal government

Monroe and Dealing with the British Earned respect after the war of 1812 from Britain and abroad Rush-Bagot Agreement (1817)- demilitarize Great Lakes, complete disarmament with Treaty of Washington in 1871

The Convention of 1818 Safeguard U.S. interests along NW border. Set 49th parallel as boundary between US and Canada. Joint occupation with Br. of Oregon. For 10 years subject to renewal.

Result? Spain and Florida U.S. acquire W.Florida by end of 1815, part on grounds region was a piece of the LA Purchase, part as concession after the War of 1812. E. Florida a different matter. What were the problems the U.S. were having with the Spanish in Florida? Result?

Jackson Moves into Florida (1817-1818) As result of Seminole War in 1817, Jackson moves into Florida to pursuit Seminoles. Seizes Spanish ports.

Adams-Onis Treaty (1819) Spain wants Jackson punished. To prevent international crisis, Sec. of State John Quincy Adams convinces Spain to give up Florida since it can’t deal with Indian problem. U.S. receives E.Florida and pays $5million in claims to U.S. citizens for destroyed property. Spain gives up claim for Oregon U.S. give up claim on Texas as part of LA Purchase.

Adams-Onis Treaty (1819)

United States in 1819

Reaction of U.S. and Why? The Monroe Doctrine (1823) Shows U.S. coming of age U.S. fearful of European involvement in Latin America/disrupt U.S. trade/jeopardize American security U.S. fearful of Russian disrupting boundary of Oregon while claiming Alaska Reaction of U.S. and Why?

The Monroe Doctrine (1823)