Injector/BC1 Commissioning (Jan. 2, 2007 through Aug. 31, 2007) P Injector/BC1 Commissioning (Jan. 2, 2007 through Aug. 31, 2007) P. Emma, et al. LCLS Injector Commissioning Workshop (ICW) Oct. 9, 2006 LCLS http://www-ssrl.slac.stanford.edu/lcls/internals/commissioning/index.html

LCLS Accelerator Schematic 6 MeV z  0.83 mm   0.05 % 135 MeV z  0.83 mm   0.10 % 250 MeV z  0.19 mm   1.6 % 4.30 GeV z  0.022 mm   0.71 % 13.6 GeV z  0.022 mm   0.01 % Linac-X L =0.6 m rf= -160 Linac-0 L =6 m rf gun L0-a,b Linac-1 L 9 m rf  -25° Linac-2 L 330 m rf  -41° Linac-3 L 550 m rf  0° 25-1a 30-8c ...existing linac 21-3b 24-6d 21-1 b,c,d undulator L =130 m X BC1 L 6 m R56 -39 mm BC2 L 22 m R56 -25 mm DL1 L 12 m R56 0 DL2 L =275 m R56  0 Commission in Jan. 2007 Commission in Jan. 2008 SLAC linac tunnel research yard

Complete & Detailed Optics (cathode to dump) BC2 L3 LTU undulator sec-21 sec-30 Full MAD files at: http://www-ssrl.slac.stanford.edu/lcls/linac/optics/

LCLS Installation and Commissioning Time-Line Drive-Laser Commissioning undulator hall ready LTU/und. Install First FEL Light Drive-Laser Install linac/BC2 Install First Spont. Light J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J 2006 2007 2008 Gun/Inj./BC1 Install (8/21 – 1/5) Gun/Inj./BC1 Commissioning linac/BC2 Commissioning FEL Comm. LTU/undulator Commissioning

LCLS Layout from Gun through BC1 RF Gun L0a RF section 6 MeV L0b RF section 62 MeV L1 RF sections X-band RF section 135 MeV gun spect. main SLAC Linac 250 MeV injector spect. BC1 chicane TD11 stopper

LCLS Injector Commissioning Dates (’06 - ’07) (dates will likely slip) July 24: Sector-20 ready for laser installation Aug. 29: Laser installation complete Dec. 18: Virtual cathode fully characterized (ready to install gun) Dec. 19: RF gun installation starts (10 days) + pre-beam checkout + laser rate switched to 30 Hz (5 days) Dec. 20-Jan. 1: Holidays Jan. 2: VVS’s switched on (RF power available) Jan. 12: First laser UV-light on cathode! Jan. 12-Feb. 4: Electrons in GTL and gun-spect. (RF processing L0a,b, L1, LX) Feb. 5: Beam into L0a, L0b and down to 135-MeV spect. Feb. 20: Beam into main linac (to TD11 dump) ~June: Take beam down full linac (to SL2 stopper, 1 km distant) http://www-ssrl.slac.stanford.edu/lcls/internals/commissioning/documents/commissioning-dates-2006-2007.ppt

Commissioning Definition and Strategy All components installed, aligned, connected, and initially verified by system engineer, before commissioning starts. Commissioning Sequence – Layered Approach (0-3) 0. Pre-Beam Checkout (tunnel, gallery, control room) Controls/software testing, camera checks, beamline inspection, etc Magnet polarities, cable connections, verify motion-control, etc Beam-based Hardware and Software Checkout Establish beam transport, RF setup, MPS/BCS tests, etc Checkout of all BPMs, magnets, wires, screens, toroids, etc First-Order Optics: Measurement and Correction Steering, transmission, oscillation data, feedback setup, etc Beta and dispersion matching, beam-base align key quads, etc Full Beam Characterization: Measurement and Correction Measure emittance, energy spread, distributions - correct Measure beam sensitivities, optimize tuning, beam experiments 3-pass approach No (serious) emittance measurements until all hardware/software checked out!

(detailed schedule available) pass-1 pass-2 pass-3 pass-1 pass-2 pass-3

etc... http://www-ssrl.slac.stanford.edu/lcls/internals/commissioning/documents/2007-commissioning-plan.doc

LCLS Injector Commissioning Day 24-Hour Cycle (7 days/week, 1/2/07 to 8/31/07, 35 total weeks) DAY SHIFT (8:00-16:00) 1 lead physicist, 1 physicist, 1 controls eng., 1 sys. engineer, 1 LCLS operator, 1 laser operator SWING SHIFT (16:00-24:00) 1 lead physicist, 1 physicist, 1 LCLS operator, 1 laser operator OWL SHIFT (0:00-8:00) 1 LCLS operator, 1 laser operator ?

Personnel Available for LCLS Injector/BC1 Commissioning LCLS Physicists, et al. (2 per D/S shift) Dave Dowell Paul Emma Joe Frisch Sasha Gilevich (laser) Cecile Limborg Henrik Loos Heinz-Dieter Nuhn John Schmerge Dave Schultz Jim Turner Jim Welch Bill White (laser) Juhao Wu Controls eng., et al. (1 per DAY shift) Stephanie Allison Mike Zelazney Debbie Rogind Diane Fairley Stephen Norem Arturo Alarcon Doug Murray Sergei Chevtsov Dayle Kotturi Patrick Krejcik Kristi Luchini Sheng Peng Stephen Schuh Till Straumann Sys. Engineers (1 per DAY shift) Eric Bong Carl Rago Leif Eriksson Richard F. Boyce Jose Chan Tim Montagne Paul Bellomo Antonio de Lira Dave MacNair Ron Akre Accelerator, ILC, SSRL Franz-Josef Decker Rick Iverson Doug McCormick Jeff Corbett James Safranek... Operations (1 per DAY & SWING shift and 2 per OWL) Laser Operators (4-5) Visitors ?

Manpower Requirements (1/2/07 - 8/31/07) 35 weeks total (1/2/07 to 8/31/07) 28 physicist shifts/week 7 controls eng. shifts/week 7 sys. engineer shifts/week Average of 2-3 shifts/week for each physicist Average of 1 shift/week for each sys. engineer Average of 1/2 shift/week for each controls eng.

LCLS Commissioning Parameters Value Comments RF rate 10-30 Hz 10 Hz in linac with possible 30-Hz rate - 120 Hz in gun during hot test Beam rate 10 Hz e- beam as baseline – possible short term 120-Hz tests in L0-BC1 Drive-laser rate 30 Hz 120-Hz during laser commissioning – 30 Hz during e- commissioning - shutters provide lower e- rate Bunch charge 200-500 pC depends on QE and diagnostics – some short spans at 10 pC – later in ’07 explore 1-nC Drive-laser pulse length 10 ps fwhm 10-ps fwhm startup with possibility of 6-ps at 0.2 nC Gun gradient 120 MV/m Set as goal, although 110 MV/m is adequate in ‘07

2007 Injector Commissioning Goals Commissioning Readiness Review J. Corlett J. Lewellen S. Schreiber http://www-ssrl.slac.stanford.edu/lcls/internals/commissioning/documents/lclsinjector-commissioninggoals.doc

Issues Controls will be mixed (SLC, Epics, Matlab) and capabilities may be limited initially (H. Shoaee) Most High-Level Applications (emittance, bunch length, feedback) done through MATLAB as temporary solution Many LCLS physicists not experienced with existing SLC controls Help from operations group is essential (hopefully many are here today)

(see Dowell, Limborg, Loos talks) RF Photo-Cathode Gun Q  1 nC f  120 Hz G  120 MV/m gex,y  1 mm Dt  10 ps I  100 A E  6 MeV e- spec. dipole e- UV laser solenoid YAG screens RF gun cathode (see Dowell, Limborg, Loos talks)

Injector Diagnostics YAG screen RF Gun trajectory (BPMs) emittance (+ slice) energy spread (+ slice) bunch length (+ dist.) charge (+ dark current) YAG screen YAG screen YAG screen YAG screen gun spectrometer Transverse RF deflector OTR & wire Injector Diagnostics OTR & wire OTR & wire OTR & wire main SLAC Linac injector spectrometer (see Frisch, Limborg, Loos talks) YAG YAG & OTR

Bunch Length Diagnostics Linac Through BC1 BC1 chicane (BPM, OTR, collimator) L1 S-Band Linac Wire Scanners + OTR TD-11 stopper 135 MeV 250 MeV X-Band RF Bunch Length Diagnostics (see Frisch, Loos talks)

Magnet Polarities Defined and Documented DIPOLES QUADRUPOLES SOLENOIDS

BPMs, Wire-Scanners, etc. Polarities Defined q = 0 q = +45º q = -45º q = +45º (H. Loos: screens)

All Magnets Measured (all steering coil ‘types’) 2 Solenoids 19 Inj. Quads 2 GTL Quads 2 BC1 Quads 3 Linac Quads 2 DL1 Dipoles 4 BC1 Dipoles 2 Spect. Bends 6 corr. types Dipole field vs. x Current vs. integrated field FINT = 0.454 Solenoid eff. length Dipole fringe field vs. z + field harmonics

Pre-Beam Tunnel Check List etc.

Summary Injector commissioning starts Jan. ’07 (may slide) Main ’07 goal is to verify full functionality of gun, injector beam-line, diagnostics, and controls, not generate full beam brightness immediately Will need frequent linac access initially (8-16 hrs/week?) + 1 install-day per month (24-48 hrs?) Phase-II of commissioning comes in Jan. ’08 (BC2) Information is available at ICW site: http://www-ssrl.slac.stanford.edu/lcls/workshops/lcls_icw_oct06/index.html ...under the link: “LCLS Commissioning”.