French & Indian War Causes: Longtime enemies (Britain vs France) British settlers moved in on French land (& Native land) Fight over control of North America French forts – traded with Natives
French & Indian War Lasted 7-9 years from beginning to end Albany Plan of Union – Franklin got together delegates from each colony and used the Iroquois League as example Tried to become friendlier with Iroquois Called for: Grand council of delegates Elected by council of delegates President general – selected and sent by the British crown
Delegates agreed with Plan Colonists disagreed with Plan War: (cont’d) Delegates agreed with Plan Colonists disagreed with Plan 1754 – 1755: fighting began British started slow but lost most early battles Leaders: Braddock Daniel Boone Washington Franklin William Pitt – British Prime Minister
(Cont’d) 1756: Formal declaration of war by Britain on France 1757: Pitt raised taxes and borrowed money to prepare the military for war 1758: British attacked French forts including Fort Duquesne (Pittsburgh) and Fort Niagara (New York/Canada). Forced French to retreat from NY to Canada Iroquois now choose the British side (used the French against the British) Turning point: Fall of Quebec – British took Quebec, Montreal, Fort Detroit…
French and Indian War End: Treaty of Paris – 1763 France gave up: Canada; lands east of Mississippi River (except New Orleans which was given to Spain I 1762) Britain returned: Cuba to Spain in exchange for Florida