Large Combustion Plant Indicators 2nd Eionet NRC workshop on Industrial Pollution

LCP = at least 50 MW rated thermal input Large Combustion Plants LCP = at least 50 MW rated thermal input LCP Directive (2001/80/EC) sets limits on SO2, NOx, and dust from LCPs Replaced by IED (2010/75/EU) in 2016, continues emission limits and inventory reporting requirements

Indicator 1 (Drivers): number of LCPs, capacity, fuel consumption Two LCP indicators Indicator 1 (Drivers): number of LCPs, capacity, fuel consumption Indicator 2 (Pressures): LCP emissions of SO2, NOx and dust, and fuel consumption DPSIR model Drivers Pressures State Impact Responses

How has the large combustion plant sector evolved? LCP indicator 1 How has the large combustion plant sector evolved? How is the LCP sector distributed across Europe?

The number of LCPs has increased by 31% between 2004 and 2013 Ind1, Q1: Evolution of LCPs The number of LCPs has increased by 31% between 2004 and 2013 Installed capacity increased by 18% Fuel mix stable, but biomass increasing Other solid fuels (coal) 57% of fuel consumption in 2013

Ind1, Q1: Evolution of LCPs

4 countries (Germany, Italy, Poland, UK) dominate LCPs in Europe: Ind1, Q2: Distribution of LCPs 4 countries (Germany, Italy, Poland, UK) dominate LCPs in Europe: 54% of capacity in 2013 61% of total fuel input in 2013 Sweden + Finland = 30% of EU28 biomass input, but less than 2% of total fuel consumption

Ind1, Q2: Distribution of LCPs

Ind1, Q2: Distribution of LCPs Note: some countries did not provide sector information

Has the environmental performance of LCPs improved? LCP Indicator 2 What progress is being made in reducing emissions from LCPs across the European Union? Has the environmental performance of LCPs improved?

Analysis of SO2, NOx and dust emissions by capacity class Ind2, Q1: Progress in reducing LCP emissions Analysis of SO2, NOx and dust emissions by capacity class Between 2004 and 2013, emissions from LCPs in the EU-28 have decreased by: 71% for SO2 40% for NOx 69% for dust

Indexed EU-28 LCP emissions from 2004 Ind2, Q1: Progress in reducing LCP emissions Indexed EU-28 LCP emissions from 2004

In 2013, of a total of 3 448 LCPs, 50% of emissions came from just: Ind2, Q1: Progress in reducing LCP emissions A small number of plants contribute disproportionately to LCP emissions In 2013, of a total of 3 448 LCPs, 50% of emissions came from just: 50 plants for SO2 87 plants for NOx 33 plants for dust

Ind2, Q2: Environmental performance of LCPs Implied emission factors per pollutant (tonnes/TJ), split by capacity class Implied emission factors per pollutant (tonnes/TJ), split by fuel type (single-fuelled LCPs only)

Ind2, Q2: Environmental performance of LCPs The environmental performance of LCPs improved significantly for LCPs in all capacity classes between 2004 and 2013 Smaller LCPs have higher implied emission factors (IEFs) for each fuel type, but overall lower IEFs

Ind2, Q2: Environmental performance of LCPs

Highest IEFs for liquid fuels and other solid fuels Q2: Environmental performance of LCPs The environmental performance of LCPs improved between 2004 and 2013 for all fuel-pollutant combinations except NOx emissions from biomass Highest IEFs for liquid fuels and other solid fuels Lowest IEFs for natural gas

Ind2, Q2: Environmental performance of LCPs

27 plants had data considered errors – removed or modified data Data corrections 27 plants had data considered errors – removed or modified data Countries will be consulted on these corrections Gap-filling Croatia’s data 2004-2009?

Thank you for your attention Katrina Young katrina.young@aether-uk.com